Recent regulatory shifts have significantly altered how banks manage their fixed income portfolios. Key changes include the removal of limits on the Held Till Maturity (HTM) category and the ability to include corporate bonds within it. The valuation and accounting methods for Held For Trading (HFT) and Available For Sale (AFS) portfolios have also been updated, impacting how market-to-market gains and losses are recognised. These adjustments are expected to influence demand for various types of bonds and trading strategies.
Introduction
With the recent changes given by the regulators on the Fixed Income side with reference to Banks, this article is an impact study of the same on the FI portfolio. The entire portfolio is classified into the three segments as has been historically:
HTM (Held Till Maturity):Banks
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FAQ :
The main segments are Held Till Maturity (HTM), Available For Sale (AFS), and Held For Trading (HFT).
The previous limit of 23% of Net Demand and Time Liability for the HTM category has been reversed, and corporate bonds can now be included in this category.
The HFT portfolio must be valued at fair value, with premiums and discounts amortised. Both market-to-market gains and losses can now be recognised directly in the Profit and Loss account.
For AFS portfolios, banks must create an AFS reserve in the Capital Account, and market-to-market gains or losses will be adjusted against this reserve, meaning they won't impact the Profit and Loss account.
Since corporate bonds can now be held in the HTM category, their demand may increase as they offer additional returns if held to maturity.
After FY 2026, banks will be required to disclose both the book value and the fair value of their entire fixed income portfolio.