Comprehensive Overview of RBI's Master Direction on Credit Information Reporting, 2025



Quick Summary
The Reserve Bank of India has introduced the Master Direction on Credit Information Reporting, 2025, standardising credit reporting for financial institutions and credit bureaus. This directive mandates a Uniform Credit Reporting Format for consumers, businesses, and microfinance, alongside a Data Quality Index to ensure accuracy. It also enhances customer protection with alerts, compensation for delays, and free annual credit reports.

Introduction The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has issued a seminal directive titled Master Direction - Credit Information Reporting, 2025, consolidating and updating various credit reporting ecosystem instructions. These comprehensive guidelines, effective immediately, aim to establish a standardize
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FAQ :

Commercial banks, small finance banks, regional rural banks, urban co-operative banks, state and central co-operative banks, non-banking financial companies (NBFCs), and Credit Information Companies (CICs) registered under the Credit Information Companies (Regulation) Act, 2005, must comply. Payment banks are excluded.

The UCRF is a standardised format for reporting credit information across three segments: the Consumer Segment (individual borrowers), the Commercial Segment (businesses and corporate entities), and the Microfinance Segment (Self-Help Groups and Joint Liability Groups).

The directive includes SMS/email alerts for credit report access or updates, compensation of ₹100 per day for unresolved corrections beyond 30 days, and the provision of one free full credit report annually for individuals.

A Data Quality Index (DQI) framework is mandated for CICs to compute monthly DQI scores for different segments, ensuring the accuracy, completeness, and consistency of credit information submissions. Industry-level benchmarks will also be calculated.

CICs and authorised entities can retain credit data for a maximum of six months. Data can only be shared with third parties with explicit consent from individuals, following a robust due diligence process.

Credit scores across all Credit Information Companies (CICs) are now calibrated within a uniform range of 300 to 900, making them easier for financial institutions and consumers to interpret and compare.




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