The recent crackdown by the Directorate General of GST Intelligence (DGGI), Gurugram Zonal Unit, on fraudulent input tax credit (ITC) rackets is an important step in curbing tax evasion in India. This is especially critical as ITC fraud is one of the most common methods used by businesses to evade tax and is a major concern for the government.
The DGGI has identified several fake entities involved in ITC fraud, with the latest one involving 539 entities which have passed on fraudulent ITC of Rs. 1,124.66 crore. This not only results in huge revenue losses for the government but also creates an uneven playing field between those who pay taxes honestly and those who do not.
The modus operandi in such cases involves creating fake entities and generating fake invoices to claim ITC and then pass it on to actual businesses. This results in artificially reducing the tax liability of the actual businesses, making them more competitive in the market but also undermining honest taxpayers.
The use of technology in detecting such frauds is noteworthy, with the DGGI relying on forensic examination of Aadhar card, PAN card, GST registration data, and invoice details to uncover the fraud. This has been made possible due to the digitization of various government records and the integration of the GST system with other digital records.
The fact that the fraudulent ITC credit has been traced to the metal/iron & steel sector is also important, as this sector has been a major source of tax evasion in India. The sector has been plagued with issues such as under-invoicing, misdeclaration of the value and quantity of goods, and misclassification of goods under the GST system. This has resulted in significant revenue losses for the government and has also led to unfair competition in the sector.
The use of fake entities to generate ITC fraud is not limited to the metal/iron & steel sector alone. The trade of mobile phones is another sector where such frauds have been detected. In this case, unscrupulous elements purchase mobile phones without invoices or from unregistered individuals and then create fake entities to generate ITC fraud.
Such fraudulent activities not only affect the government but also honest taxpayers and businesses. The crackdown on such activities is, therefore, a positive step towards ensuring a level playing field and promoting compliance with tax laws.
The arrest of key operatives in such frauds is also important, as it sends a strong message to others who may be involved in such activities. The financial year 2023-24 witnessed the detection of 1,198 fake GSTINs, resulting in fraudulent ITC detection of Rs. 2,762.30 crore and prevented revenue loss to the tune of Rs. 900 crore (approx). The arrest of six persons involved in such cases further reinforces the message that tax evasion will not be tolerated.
In conclusion, the crackdown on ITC fraud by the DGGI is a significant step towards ensuring compliance with tax laws, promoting a level playing field for businesses, and ensuring revenue collections for the government. The use of technology and forensic examination in detecting such frauds is commendable, and the arrests of key operatives involved in such frauds sends a strong message to others involved in tax evasion.
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