Applicability of GST upon cancellation of flats

GST compliance for real estate has always been a nightmare considering the day to day changes in the rates, tax structure, GST returns to be filed so an and so forth. Assessee to be tax compliant has to look for ways and means to make the tax compliances easier. An attempt was made to simplify the GST compliance for real estate and to reduce the GST cost to the ultimate customer by way of introducing a new scheme for the real estate. But the new scheme also does not look very simple.

GST applicability on the customer advances received for the sale of constructed apartment was always a puzzle with the GST rates, deduction towards land, availability of input tax credit etc.,. To this confusion something is added by way of GST treatment for cancelled flats.

In this article, an attempt is made to simplify the understanding of the tax/GST treatment to be given at the time of flat cancellations by the customers in various scenarios as listed below –

Scenario I - Flat booked by the customer in service tax regime and cancelled in GST regime

Scenario II - Flat booked by the customer in GST regime (July’17 to Mar’18) and is cancelled in FY 18-19 (before Sep’18)

Scenario III - Flat booked by the customer in GST regime (July’17 to Mar’18) and is cancelled in FY 18-19 (after Sep’18)

Scenario IV - Flat booked by the customer in FY 18-19 and is cancelled in FY 19-20 (assuming new scheme (GST @5%) is opted by the builder

Let us discuss the tax treatment to be given in each of the scenario in detail -

Scenario I - Flat booked by the customer in service tax regime and cancelled in GST regime

Facts

A flat is booked by the customer in service tax regime and service tax is paid on part of the amount received in service tax regime. Later on, the same flat is cancelled by the customer in GST regime and the amount received from the customer is refunded along with service tax.

Analysis

• The service tax paid on such cancelled flats neither can be adjusted against the consequent liability under GST nor the taxes paid can be availed as credit in GST regime. As the taxes paid are refunded to the customer and the ultimate tax burden is on the builder, the only option available to the builder is to apply for refund of the taxes paid on such cancelled flats.
• As per Sec. 142(5) of CGST Act, 2017, any refund claim of taxes/duty paid under the earlier law, is made by the assessee on account of services not provided, then the same shall be disposed of in accordance with the provisions of earlier law itself and the refund shall be paid in cash only.
• Under earlier law, provisions of Sec.11B of Central Excise Act, 1944  were made applicable for refund of any service tax vide Sec. 83 of the Finance Act, 1994. Sec. 11B specifies the time limit of 1 year from the relevant date for claiming refund and the relevant date to be considered is the date of payment of taxes.
• However, in this case, the date of cancellation of the flat by the customer shall be considered as the relevant date for calculating the time limit of 1 year for refund, as the event that led to refund of taxes is the cancellation by the customer. If cancellation would not have happened, the refund claim would not have arisen at all. Similar view was taken  in the following judicial pronouncements –

CCE, Pune Vs. Ispat Profiles India Ltd. 2007(220) E.L.T. 218 (Tri. Mumbai)

SS Agro Industries Vs. Commr. of Cus., Air Cargo (Export), New Delhi – 2014 (309) E.L.T. 334 (Tri. - Del.)

 Conclusion

Hence, if any flat booked in service tax regime and service tax paid on certain part of the consideration, is cancelled in GST regime and the entire amount along with taxes is refunded to the customer then the builder can go for refund of the service tax paid within 1 year from the date of cancellation by the customer. However, if the taxes paid is not refunded to the customer, then builder cannot go for refund of the same as the customer has bear the ultimate tax burden. In such a case the customer can claim the refund.

Scenario II - Flat booked by the customer in GST regime (July’17 to Mar’18) and is cancelled in FY 18-19 (before Sep’18)

Facts

A flat is booked by the customer in the period starting from July’17 to March’18 and is cancelled by the customer in FY 18-19 (before Sep’18) and the amount received from the customer is refunded along with GST.

Analysis

• In accordance with sec.34 of the CGST Act, 2017, where there is any deficiency in the services supplied, then the supplier can issue a credit note and adjust the amount of GST mentioned in the credit note against the subsequent GST liability by disclosing the credit note in the GST returns accordingly. However, such credit note for any financial year cannot be issued later than September month of the following financial year or the date of furnishing of the annual returns for that particular financial year, whichever is earlier.
• For example, the credit note pertaining to the invoice issued in FY 17-18, cannot be issued after September’18 and the taxes paid cannot be adjusted. (Assuming the annual returns for FY 17-18 is not filed till September’18).

Disclosure in GST returns

In GSTR-3B – The subsequent month’s liability has to be reduced to the extent of credit note (both taxable value and the taxes) and the net amount shall be disclosed as current month’s supplies in table-3 of GSTR 3B return.

In GSTR-1 – If the customer is unregistered, then the value of the credit note shall be reduced from the subsequent month’s liability and the net amount shall be disclosed as B2C supplies in table -7 of GSTR-1 return. The credit note issued need not be disclosed separately. However, if the customer is registered, then the credit note issued need not be reduced from the subsequent month’s liability in return and shall be disclosed separately in table 9B of GSTR-1.

Conclusion

Hence, if flat is booked in FY 17-18 (from Jul’17 to Mar’18), GST is paid on the consideration received. The same is cancelled in FY 18-19 (before September’18) and the entire amount along with GST is refunded to the customer, then the GST paid can be adjusted against the subsequent liability by issuing a credit note.

Scenario III - Flat booked by the customer in GST regime (July’17 to Mar’18) and is cancelled in FY 18-19 (after Sep’18)

As discussed above, the credit note for the FY 17-18 cannot be issued beyond Sep’18 and hence the taxes paid cannot be adjusted.

Note: Though there is no provision in the law, the GSTIN portal allowed credit notes for the FY 17-18 to be uploaded in the GSTR-1 upto 31^st March 2019. One more example, wherein the GST provisions and the GSTIN portal are not in line with each other.

Conclusion

Hence, flat is booked in FY 17-18 (from Jul’17 to Mar’18), GST is paid on the consideration received. The same is cancelled in FY 18-19 (after Sep’18) and the entire amount along with GST is refunded to the customer, then the GST paid cannot be adjusted against the subsequent liability by issuing a credit note. The only option left with the builder is to go for refund of the taxes paid under GST within 2 years from the date of cancellation of flat by the customer as per Sec. 54 of the CGST Act, 2017, on the ground that the incidence of tax has been borne by the builder itself and the same is not passed on to the customer.

Scenario IV Flat booked by the customer in FY 18-19 and is cancelled in FY 19-20 (assuming new scheme (GST @5%) is opted by the builder

Facts

• Flat booked by the customer in FY 18-19 is cancelled by the in FY 19-20 and the amount received from the customer is refunded along with GST. Builder has opted to pay GST @5% in cash from 1^st April 2019 under the new scheme.

Analysis

• Credit note provisions discussed above will be applicable in this case as well. The builder can issue a credit note up to Sep’19 and adjust the taxable value and the taxes paid @12% from the subsequent month’s liability and pay GST @5% in cash on the balance amount.
• Same treatment was explained in the FAQ No. 22 released for real estate by CBIC dated 7^th May 2019. (F. No. 354/32/2019 – TRU) 

Illustration:

All the above mentioned scenarios can be explained with the help of the following illustration:

Treatment to be given -

The author can also be reached at asiya@hiregange.com