Basically assessment is an estimation for an amount assessed while paying Income Tax. It is a compulsory contribution that is required for the support of a government. It is generally of the following types.
Self assessment
The assessee is required to make a self assessment and pay the tax on the basis of the returns furnished. Any tax paid by the assessee under self assessment is deemed to have been paid towards regular assessment.
Regular assessment
On the basis of thereturn of income chargeable to tax furnished by the assessee an intimation shall be sent to the assessee informing him about the tax or interest payable or refundable to him.
Best judgement assessment
In a best judgement assessment the assessing officer should really base the assessment on his best judgement i.e. he must not act dishonestly or vindictively or capriciously. There are two types of judgement assessment :
Income escaping assessment or re-assessment
If the assessing officer has reason to believe that any income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment for any assessment year assess or reassess such income and also nay other income chargeable to tax which has escaped assessment and which comes to his notice in course of the proceedings or any other allowance, as the case may be.
Precautionary assessment
Where it is not clear as to who has received the income, the assessing officer can commence proceedings against the persons to determine the question as to who is responsible to pay the tax.
Self assessment
The assessee is required to make a self assessment and pay the tax on the basis of the returns furnished. Any tax paid by the assessee under self assessment is deemed to have been paid towards regular assessment.
Regular assessment
On the basis of thereturn of income chargeable to tax furnished by the assessee an intimation shall be sent to the assessee informing him about the tax or interest payable or refundable to him.
Best judgement assessment
In a best judgement assessment the assessing officer should really base the assessment on his best judgement i.e. he must not act dishonestly or vindictively or capriciously. There are two types of judgement assessment :
- Compulsory best judgement assessment made by the assessing officer in cases of non-co-operation on the part of the assessee or when the assessee is in default as regards supplying informations.
- Discretionary best judgement assessment is doen even in cases where the assessing officer is not satisfied about the correctness or the completeness of the accounts of the assessee or where no method of accounting has been regularly and consistently employed by the assessee
Income escaping assessment or re-assessment
If the assessing officer has reason to believe that any income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment for any assessment year assess or reassess such income and also nay other income chargeable to tax which has escaped assessment and which comes to his notice in course of the proceedings or any other allowance, as the case may be.
Precautionary assessment
Where it is not clear as to who has received the income, the assessing officer can commence proceedings against the persons to determine the question as to who is responsible to pay the tax.
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