PROFESSIONAL PROGRAMME
	MODULE I
	PAPER 1: COMPANY SECRETARIAL PRACTICE
	Level of knowledge : Expert knowledge.
	Objective : To provide an in-depth understanding of the procedures under the Companies Act, Rules and Regulations made thereunder including understanding of international dimensions of company law.
	Detailed contents :
	1. E-governance (MCA – 21)
	Important Features of MCA-21 – CIN, DIN, DSC, CFC, SRN, etc; Eforms and on-line filing and inspection of documents.
	2. Company Formation and Conversion
	Choice of form of business entity; conversion/ re-conversion of one form of business entity into another.
	Procedure for incorporation of private/public companies, companies
	limited by guarantee and unlimited companies and their conversions/
	re-conversion/re-registration; obtaining certificate of commencement
	of business; obtaining certification of re-registration; commencement
	of new business and certification; filing of agreements with managerial
	personnel;
	Formation of associations not for profit and non profit companies;
	procedure relating to foreign companies carrying on business in India.
	3. Alteration of Memorandum and Articles
	Procedure for alteration of various clauses of memorandum: name
	clause, situation of registered office clause, objects clause, capital clause
	and liability clause; procedure for alteration of articles; effect of alteration.
	4. Issue and Allotment of Securities
	Procedure for public issue, rights issue and bonus shares; procedure
	for issue of securities at par/premium/discount; procedure for calls on
	shares; Issue of sweat equity shares, employees stock option scheme,
	shares with differential voting rights; issue and redemption of preference
	shares; issue of shares on preferential basis/private placement.
	Return of allotment and effect of irregular allotment; issue of certificates;
	alteration of share capital; procedure for forfeiture of shares and reissue
	of forfeited shares; cancellation of shares; surrender of shares;
	conversion and re-conversion of shares into stock.
	Procedure for issue of debentures including creation of security and
	debenture redemption reserve; drafting of debenture trust deed;
	conversion of and redemption of debentures.
	5. Membership and Transfer/Transmission
	Procedure for induction of members; nomination of shares; variation
	of shareholders’ rights; cessation of membership including dispute
	resolution.
	Transfer/transmission/transposition ; dematerialization/
	rematerialisation of securities.
	6. Directors and Managerial Personnel
	Procedure for appointment, reappointment, resignation, removal and
	varying terms of appointment/ re-appointment of directors and
	managerial personnel.
	Procedure for payment of remuneration to directors and managerial
	personnel and disclosures thereof; compensation for loss of office;
	waiver of recovery of remuneration; directors and officers liability
	insurance.
	Procedure for making loans to directors, disclosure of interest by a
	director, holding of office or place of profit by a director/relative, etc. of
	a director.
	Company Secretary – Appointment, resignation and removal of
	Company Secretary; role of the Company Secretary; functions and
	duties; relationship with chairman and directors; secretary as advisor
	to the chairman and the board.
	Company Secretary in Practice – Functions ; procedure for
	appointment, resignation and removal of company secretary in practice.
	Auditors
	Procedure for appointment/reappointment, resignation and removal
	of statutory auditors and branch auditors; appointment of cost auditors;
	special auditors; CAG audit.
	7. Decision-making Forums and Meetings
	Collective decision making forums - authority, accountability, delegation
	and responsibility.
	Board Meetings - Convening and management of Board and Committee
	Meetings.
	General Meetings - convening and management of statutory meeting,
	annual and extra-ordinary general meetings, class meetings;
	preparation of notices and agenda papers.
	Procedure for passing of resolutions by postal ballot, conducting a poll
	and adjournment of a meeting.
	Post-meeting formalities including preparation of minutes and
	dissemination of information and decisions including filing thereof.
	8. Preparation & Presentation of Reports
	Preparation of financial statements, auditors’ report, directors’ report
	and report on corporate governance.
	9. Distribution of Profit
	Procedure for ascertainment of divisible profits and declaration of
	dividend; payment of dividend; claiming of unclaimed/unpaid dividend;
	transfer of unpaid/unclaimed dividend to Investor Education and
	Protection Fund.
	10. Charges
	Procedure for creation/modification/satisfaction of charges and
	registration thereof; register of charges; inspection of charges.
	11. Inter-corporate Loans, Investments, Guarantees and Security
	Procedure for making inter-corporate loans, investments, giving of
	guarantees and providing of security.
	12. Filling and Filing of Returns and Documents, etc.
	Procedure for filling and filing of returns and documents :
	(a) Annual filing, i.e., annual accounts, compliance certificate,
	annual return, etc.
	(b) Event based filing.
	13. Striking off Names of Companies – Law and Procedure.
	14. Best Practices - Secretarial Standards
	Concept, scope and advantages; Secretarial Standards issued by the
	ICSI; Compliance of secretarial standards for good governance.
	15. Insider Trading
	Concept and rationale behind prohibition of insider trading; SEBI’s
	Insider Trading Regulations; major actions taken by SEBI so far; Role
	of Company Secretary in compliance requirements.
	16. Global Developments in Company Law
	Contemporary developments, distinguishing and evolving features of
	company law in other jurisdictions.
	 
	PAPER 2 : DRAFTING, APPEARANCES AND PLEADINGS
	Level of knowledge : Working knowledge.
	Objective : To acquaint the students with fundamentals of drafting,
	pleadings and advocacy techniques.
	Detailed contents
	1. General Principles of Drafting
	General principles and rules of drafting of deeds and conveyance,
	basic components of deeds, endorsement and supplemental deeds,
	aids to clarity and accuracy, legal requirements and implications.
	2. Drafting of Agreements
	Drafting of various Agreements including collaboration agreements,
	arbitration; guarantees, counter guarantees; bank guarantee,
	hypothecation agreement, outsourcing agreements, service
	agreements, leave and license, etc.
	3. Drafting of Various Deeds
	Deed of sale of land, building, mortgage, licence, lease, assignment,
	trust, partnership, Power of Attorney, etc.
	4. Drafting of Agreements under the Companies Act
	Pre incorporation contracts; Memorandum and Articles of Association
	and other agreements.
	5. Appearances and Pleadings
	Appearance before tribunals/quasi judicial bodies such as CLB, SAT,
	NCLT, CCI TRAI, etc. and appellate authorities.
	Drafting of petitions/applications; drafting of written statement, counter
	affidavit, reply and rejoinder.
	Drafting of Affidavit in evidence ; arguments on preliminary submissions,
	arguments on merits ; legal pleadings and written submissions.
	Drafting and filing of Appeals, writ petitions, special leave petition,
	revision and review applications, affidavits.
	Dress code, etiquettes and court craft.
	6. Compounding of Offences
	Compounding of offences under the Companies Act, SEBI Act, FEMA
	etc. Consent Orders.
	 
	MODULE II
	PAPER 3 : FINANCIAL, TREASURY AND FOREX
	MANAGEMENT
	Level of knowledge : Expert knowledge.
	Objectives :
	(i) To provide conceptual clarity about the management tools
	and techniques used in financial planning, analysis, control
	and decision making.
	(ii) To provide knowledge of derivatives, forex and treasury
	management to enable the candidates to tackle practical
	situation with ease.
	Detailed contents :
	1. Nature and Scope of Financial Management
	Nature, significance, objectives and scope of financial management;
	risk-return and value of the firm; financial distress and insolvency;
	financial sector reforms and their impact on financial management;
	functions of finance executive in an organisation; financial management
	– recent developments.
	2. Capital Budgeting Decisions
	Planning and control of capital expenditure; capital budgeting process;
	techniques of capital budgeting- discounted and non-discounted cash
	flow methods, choice of methods; capital rationing; risk evaluation and
	sensitivity analysis, simulation for risk evaluation; linear programming
	and capital budgeting decisions.
	3. Capital Structure Decisions
	Meaning and significance of capital structure; capital structure vis-avis
	financial structure; capital structure planning and designing; optimal
	capital structure; determinants of capital structure; capital structure
	and valuation - theoretical analysis; EBIT – EPS analysis; cost of capital;
	factors affecting cost of capital, measurement of cost of capital,
	weighted average cost of capital, marginal cost of capital; risk and
	leverage; measures of leverage, leverage effects on shareholders
	returns.
	4. Sources of Finance
	Equity, non-voting preference shares; debentures and bonds;
	company deposits; term loans from financial institutions and banks;
	international finance and syndication of loans; euro-issues and
	external commercial borrowings; FCCB; internal funds as a source
	of finance; dividend policy and retention of profits; bonus shares;
	deferred payment arrangements; corporate taxation and its impact
	on corporate financing; financing cost escalation.
	5. Dividend Policy
	Introduction; types, determinants and constraints of dividend policy;
	different dividend theories — Walter’s Model, Gordon’s Model and
	Modigliani-Miller Hypothesis of dividend irrelevance; forms of dividend;
	dividend policy - practical considerations and legal constraints;
	corporate dividend practices in India; statutory framework.
	6. Working Capital Management and Control
	Working capital - meaning, types, determinants; assessment of working
	capital requirements - operating cycle concept and applications of
	quantitative techniques; management of working capital - cash,
	receivables, inventories; financing of working capital; banking norms
	and macro aspects of working capital management.
	7. Security Analysis and Portfolio Management
	Security analysis - fundamental approach, technical approach and
	efficient capital market theory; portfolio management - meaning,
	objectives; portfolio theory – traditional approach; modern approach -
	CAPM model.
	8. Financial Services
	Meaning, significance and scope of financial services ; types of financial
	services – merchant banking, leasing and hire purchase, venture
	capital, mutual funds, factoring and forfeiting, securitisation of debt,
	loan syndication, custodial and corporate advisory services, credit
	rating.
	9. Project Planning and Control
	Project Planning and preparation of project report; project appraisal
	under normal, inflationary and deflationary conditions; project appraisal
	by financial institutions – lending policies and appraisal norms by
	financial institutions and banks; loan documentation and loan
	syndication, project review and control; social cost and benefit analysis
	of project.
	10. Derivatives and Commodity Exchanges
	Concept of derivatives; financial derivatives and commodity derivatives;
	types of derivatives - forward contracts, futures contracts, options;
	participants in futures and options market, Index based derivatives
	and security based derivatives; derivatives and exposure management,
	currency forwards, currency futures, currency options and currency
	swaps and interest rate risk management; derivative markets in India;
	commodity exchanges in India.
	11. Treasury Management
	Meaning, objectives, significance, functions and scope of treasury
	management; relationship between treasury management and financial
	management; role and responsibilities of chief finance executive; tools
	of treasury management; internal treasury controls; environment for
	treasury management; role of information technology in treasury
	management; liquidity management, regulation, supervision and control
	of treasury operations, implications of treasury on international banking.
	12. Forex Management
	Nature, significance and scope of forex management; foreign exchange
	market and its structure; foreign exchange rates and its determination;
	exchange rate quotes; types of exchange rates; forex trading; currency
	futures and options; foreign exchange risk exposures and their
	management; exchange rate forecasting; risk in foreign exchange
	business.
	13. Recent Developments in Financial, Treasury and Forex
	Management
	14. Practical Problems and Case Studies.
	 
	PAPER 4 : CORPORATE RESTRUCTURING
	AND INSOLVENCY
	Level of knowledge : Expert knowledge.
	Objectives : To provide an in-depth understanding of all aspects of
	law and practical issues relating to corporate restructuring and
	insolvency.
	Detailed contents :
	Part A : Corporate Restructuring (70 Marks)
	1. Introduction
	Meaning of corporate restructuring, need, scope and modes of
	restructuring, historical background, global scenario, national scenario.
	2. Strategies
	Planning, formulation and execution of various corporate restructuring
	strategies - mergers, acquisitions, takeovers, disinvestments and
	strategic alliances, demergers and hiving off.
	3. Mergers and Amalgamations
	Meaning and concept; legal, procedural, economic, accounting, taxation
	and financial aspects of mergers and amalgamations including stamp
	duty and allied matters; interest of small investors; merger aspects
	under competition law; jurisdiction of courts; filing of various forms;
	Amalgamation of banking companies and procedure related to
	Government companies; Cross border mergers.
	4. Takeovers
	Meaning and concept; types of takeovers; legal aspects - SEBI takeover
	regulations; procedural, economic, financial, accounting and taxation
	aspects; stamp duty and allied matters; payment of consideration; bail
	out takeovers and takeover of sick units; takeover defences; cross
	border takeovers.
	5. Funding of Mergers and Takeovers
	Financial alternatives; merits and demerits; funding through various
	types of financial instruments including equity and preference shares,
	options and securities with differential rights, swaps, stock options;
	ECBs, funding through financial institutions and banks; rehabilitation
	finance; management buyouts/leveraged buyouts.
	6. Valuation of Shares and Business
	Introduction; need and purpose; factors influencing valuation; methods
	of valuation of shares; corporate and business valuation.
	7. Corporate Demergers and Reverse Mergers
	Concept of demerger; modes of demerger - by agreement, under
	scheme of arrangement; demerger and voluntary winding up; legal
	and procedural aspects; tax aspects and reliefs; reverse mergers –
	procedural aspects and tax implications.
	8. Post Merger Re-organisation
	Factors in post merger reorganization: integration of businesses and
	operations, financial accounting, taxation, post merger valuation,
	human and cultural aspects; assessing accomplishment of post merger
	objectives; measuring post merger efficiency.
	9. Financial Restructuring
	Reduction of capital; reorganisation of share capital
	Buy-back of shares – concept and necessity; procedure for buy-back
	of shares by listed and unlisted companies.
	10. Legal Documentation.
	11. Case Studies.
	Part B – Corporate Insolvency (30 Marks)
	12. Revival, Rehabilitation and Restructuring of Sick Companies
	Sick companies and their revival with special reference to the law and
	procedure relating to sick companies.
	13. Securitisation and Debt Recovery
	Securitisation Act :
	Overview of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets
	and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002; process; participants;
	Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV), Asset Reconstruction Companies
	(ARCs), Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIB).
	Debt Recovery Act :
	Overview of the Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial
	Institutions Act, 1993; Tribunal, Procedure; compromises and
	arrangements with banks and creditors.
	14. Winding up
	Concept; modes of winding up; administrative machinery for winding up.
	Winding up process and procedure; managing stakeholders and parties
	in liquidation; conducting meetings of shareholders/creditors etc.;
	dealing with contracts; managing estate; outsourcing responsibilities
	to professionals/service providers such as valuers, security agencies,
	etc; best practices in performing liquidation/administrator functions;
	accountability and liabilities; Role of liquidators and insolvency
	practitioners.
	Consequences of winding up; winding up of unregistered companies;
	dissolution.
	15. Cross Border Insolvency.
	 
	MODULE III
	PAPER 5 : STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT, ALLIANCES
	AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE
	Level of Knowledge : Working Knowledge.
	Objectives : To develop the basic understanding of the students about
	the concepts, techniques and processes relating to strategic
	management, alliances as well as International Trade and treaties
	including World Trade Organisation.
	Detailed contents :
	Part A : Strategic Management (40 Marks)
	1. Nature and Scope of Strategic Management
	Concept; role, functions and processes of strategic management in
	globally, competitive and knowledge-based environment.
	2. Environmental Scanning and Internal Appraisal Analysis
	(a) Identification of external variables - economic, technological,
	legal, political, socio-cultural and, global; industry appraisal
	analysis and forecasting; synthesis of external factors;
	(b) Internal scanning of the firm;
	(c) Tools and techniques of strategic management –SWOT
	analysis, situational analysis; Gap analysis, impact analysis,
	value chain analysis; business process re-engineering.
	3. Planning and Formulation
	Formulation of Corporate vision, mission, goals and objectives;
	developing strategic alternatives, evaluations of alternatives, selection
	of best alternative; strategic planning vis-à-vis tactical planning;
	Strategic models for optimal decision–making.
	4. Implementation and Control
	Strategy implementation; developing programs, budgets and
	procedures; strategic control; managing strategic changes.
	5. Review
	Performance Evaluation - criteria and challenges
	6. Risk Management
	Meaning, objectives and significance; types of risks; measuring the trade
	off between risk and return; control and management of business risks.
	7. Management Information Systems
	Concept, elements and structure; approaches of MIS development;
	pre-requisites of an effective MIS, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP).
	8. Internal Control Systems
	Meaning, definition, objectives, classification, scope and limitation of
	internal control; steps and techniques of internal control systems.
	Part B : Strategic Alliances (20 Marks)
	9. Nature and Scope
	Meaning, types and stages; integrating alliances into corporate strategy;
	cross cultural alliances; implementation and management of strategic
	alliances.
	10. Foreign Collaborations and Joint Ventures
	Industrial Policy; Foreign Investment Policy; kinds and negotiation of
	collaboration and joint ventures, drafting of agreement, restrictive
	clauses; Indian joint ventures abroad – Indian experiences.
	Part C : International Trade (40 marks)
	11. International Trade and Treaties
	Concept and Theories of International Trade, Institutionalisation of
	international trade, establishment of World Trade Organisation;
	Economic Blocks and Trade Agreements such as ASEAN, EU, SAPTA,
	NAFTA etc.; India’s Free Trade, Economic Cooperation and Partnership
	Agreements.
	12. Anti-dumping, Subsidies and Countervailing Duties
	WTO agreements on anti-dumping; safeguard measures; subsidies &
	countervailing duties; Regulatory Framework and procedure in India.
	13. Settlement of Disputes under WTO
	Rules, regulations and procedures relating to settlement of disputes
	under WTO.
	 
	PAPER 6 : ADVANCED TAX LAWS AND PRACTICE
	Level of knowledge : Expert knowledge
	Objectives :
	To provide —
	(i) knowledge of framework of taxation system in India.
	(ii) knowledge of various concepts and their application relating
	to tax laws with a view to integrating the relevance of these
	laws with financial planning and management decisions.
	(iii) an overview of international taxation.
	Detailed contents :
	Part A : Direct Taxation - Law and Practice (30 marks)
	1. General Framework of Direct Taxation in India
	Different direct tax laws and their inter-relationship; importance of
	Income Tax Act and Annual Finance Act and related Constitutional
	provisions; harmonisation of tax regime.
	2. Companies under Income-tax Laws
	Classification and tax incidence; corporation tax as per Article 366;
	computation of taxable income and assessment of tax liability
	considering special provisions relating to companies.
	3. Tax Planning
	Concept of tax planning; Tax planning with reference to setting up a
	new business; locational aspects; nature of business; tax holiday, etc.
	Tax planning with regard to specific management decisions such as
	mergers and takeovers; location of undertaking; introduction of
	voluntary retirement; tax planning with reference to financial
	management decisions such as borrowing or investment decisions;
	reorganisation or restructuring of capital decisions.
	Tax planning with respect to corporate reorganization; tax planning
	with reference to employees’ remuneration.
	Tax planning vis-à-vis important provisions of wealth-tax including court
	rulings and legislative amendments.
	4. Tax Management
	Return and procedure for assessment; special procedure for
	assessment of search cases, e-commerce transactions, liability in
	special cases; collection and recovery of tax; refunds, appeals and
	revisions; penalties imposable, offences and prosecution.
	Part B : Indirect Taxation – Law And Practice (50 marks)
	5. Introduction
	Special features of indirect tax levies—all pervasive nature, contribution
	to Government revenues; constitutional provisions authorizing the levy
	and collection of duties of central excise, customs, service tax, central
	sales tax and VAT.
	6. Central Excise Laws
	Basis of chargeability of duties of central excise - goods, manufacture,
	classification and valuation of excisable goods, CENVAT; assessment
	procedure, exemption, payment, recovery and refunds of duties.
	Clearance of excisable goods; Central Excise Bonds; maintenance of
	accounts and records and filing of returns.
	Duties payable by small scale units. set-off of duties – concept, meaning
	and scheme; Central Excise Concessions on exports; search, seizure
	and investigation; offences and penalty.
	Adjudication, Appeal and Revision, including appearance before
	CEGAT by Company Secretary as authorised representative;
	settlement of cases.
	7. Customs Laws
	Levy of and exemption from, customs duties – specific issues and
	case studies; assessment and payment duties; recovery and refund of
	customs duties.
	Procedure for clearance of imported and exported goods; drawback of
	duties.
	Transportation and warehousing
	Confiscation of goods and conveyances and imposition of penalties;
	search, seizure and arrest, offences and prosecution provisions.
	Adjudication, Appeal and Revision; Settlement of Cases.
	8. Promissory Estoppel in Fiscal Laws – principles and applicability
	with reference to indirect taxes.
	9. Tax Planning and Management - scope and management in
	customs, with specific reference to important issues in the respective
	areas.
	Part C: International Taxation (20 marks)
	10. Basic Concepts of International Taxation
	Residency issues; source of income; tax havens; unilateral relief and
	Double Tax Avoidance; transfer pricing; international merger and
	acquisitions; impact of tax on GATT 94, WTO, anti dumping processing;
	the subpart F Regime : definition of CFC, Subpart F Income and
	Operating Rules.
	11. Advance Ruling and Tax Planning
	Authority for advance rulings, its power and procedure; applicability of
	advance ruling; application for advance ruling and procedure on receipt
	of application.
	Tax planning and special provisions relating to certain incomes of nonresident
	corporate assessee.
	Double taxation avoidance agreements; general principles; provisions
	and tax implications thereof.
	12. Taxation of Inbound Transactions
	Taxation of passive investments; capital gains & losses; income
	taxation; property taxation; branch profit taxation.
	13. Taxation of Outbound Transactions
	Foreign tax credit; foreign income exclusions; indirect foreign tax credit
	(deemed paid system vs. current pooling system); Controlled Foreign
	Corporations; PFIC’s (Passive Foreign Investment Companies); cross
	border merger, acquisitions and transfers.
	 
	MODULE IV
	PAPER 7 : DUE DILIGENCE AND CORPORATE COMPLIANCE
	MANAGEMENT
	Level of knowledge : Expert knowledge.
	Objective :
	(i) To provide thorough understanding and appreciation of
	composite legal due diligence in regard to certain corporate
	activities.
	(ii) To provide expert knowledge about the Corporate Compliance
	Management
	Detailed contents :
	1. Due Diligence
	Nature, objectives, significance and scope of due diligence; steps in
	the process of due diligence.
	Areas of Due Diligence
	_ Initial Public Offer (IPO), Follow-on Public Offer (FPO), Rights
	issue, Employees Stock Option Plans (ESOPs), Preferential
	Allotment
	_ Issue of debt (both long term & short term) such as
	debentures, bonds, warrants etc.
	_ Takeovers and acquisitions
	_ Setting up of business units in India and abroad
	_ Setting up joint ventures
	_ Compliance of Listing Agreement
	_ Internal Audit of Depository Participants
	_ Issue of Global Depository Receipts
	_ Issue of Indian Depository Receipts
	_ Legal Due Diligence
	2. Compliance Management
	Concept and significance; systems approach to compliance
	management; process of establishment of compliance management
	system; compliance in letter and spirit.
	3. Secretarial Audit
	Need, objectives and scope; process; periodicity and format for
	secretarial audit report; check-list under various corporate laws; share
	transfer audit; compliance certificate.
	4. Search / Status Reports
	Importance, scope; verification of documents relating to charges;
	requirements of financial institutions and corporate lenders; preparation
	of report.
	5. Securities Management and Compliances
	Meaning, need and scope; mechanism for self-regulation; advantages
	to company, regulator and investors.
	 
	PAPER 8 : GOVERNANCE, BUSINESS ETHICS AND
	SUSTAINABILITY
	Level of knowledge : Expert Knowledge
	Objective : To provide knowledge on global development and best
	practices in the corporate world.
	Detailed Contents :
	Part A: Corporate Governance (50 Marks)
	1. Evolution, concept, principles and development.
	2. Management structure for corporate governance; Board
	structure; building responsive boards - issue and challenges;
	effectiveness of Board, board committees and their functioning in
	particular audit committee, legal compliance committee and
	Stakeholders’ relationship committee; appraisal of Board performance,
	transparency and disclosure; internal control system and risk
	management.
	3. An analysis of legislative framework of corporate governance
	in various countries – such as UK, USA, India. .
	4. Corporate communication; art and craft of investors relations;
	shareholders activism, investor protection and changing role of
	Institutional Investors.
	5. Corporate Social Responsibility and good corporate citizenship.
	6. Various corporate governance forums - Common Wealth
	Association for Corporate Governance (CACG), Organization for
	Economic Cooperation Development (OECD), International Corporate
	Governance Network (ICGN), National Foundation for Corporate
	Governance (NFCG), etc.
	Part B : Business Ethics (30 Marks)
	7. Genesis, significance and scope; organization perspectives.
	8. Ethical principles in business – codes and innovations.
	9. Concept of the stakeholders’ organization.
	10. Activity analysis, business dilemma versus decision, characteristics
	of ethical dilemmas; the dilemma resolution process; business ethics
	as a strategic management tool; stakeholders’ protection.
	11. Challenges of business ethics and corporate leadership.
	Part C: Corporate Sustainability (20 Marks)
	12. Genesis, meaning, nature, objectives, significance and scope
	of corporate sustainability.
	13. Sustainability reporting - frameworks and guidance; trends and
	drivers; business benefits of corporate sustainability reporting;
	leadership programmes and stakeholder engagement; corporate
	sustainability management systems.
	14. Legal framework; conventions and treaties on environmental, health
	and safety and social security issues.
	15. Principle of Absolute Liability - Case studies.
	16. Contemporary developments.