Bare Acts - IPCC / PCC - Corporate Law

Kalpesh Chauhan, (Tax Assistant (Accounting Technician CA FINAL CS PROF. PROG. B.Com))   (8310 Points)

20 August 2010  

The Companies Act, 1956

CONTENTS

 

Sections

Particulars

 

Preamble

 

  

Part I

Preliminary

 

     

1

Short title, commencement and extent.

2

Definitions.

2A

Interpretation of certain words and expressions.

3

Definitions of "company", "existing company", "private company" and "public company".

4

Meaning of "holding company" and "subsidiary".

4A

Public Financial Institutions.

5

Meaning of "officer who is in default".

6

Meaning of "relative".

7

Interpretation of "person in accordance with whose directions or instructions directors are accustomed to act".

8

Power of Central Government to declare an establishment not to be a branch office.

9

Act to override memorandum, articles, etc.

10

Jurisdiction of Courts.

10A

Omitted.

10B

Omitted.

10C

Omitted.

10D

Omitted.

 

 

Part I-A

Board of Company Law administration.

10E

Constitution of Board of Company Law Administration.

10F

Appeals against the orders of the Company Law Board.

10FA

Dissolution of Company Law Board.

10FB

Constitution of National Company Law Tribunal

10FC

Composition of Tribunal

10FD

Qualifications for appointment of President and Members.

10FE

Term of office of President and Members.

10FF

Financial and administrative powers of Member Administration.

10FG

Salary, allowances and other terms and conditions of service of President and other Members.

10FH

Vacancy in Tribunal.

10FI

Resignation of President and Member.

10FJ

Removal and suspension of President or Member.

10FK

Officers and employees of Tribunal

10FL

Benches of Tribunal.

10FM

Order of Tribunal.

10FN

Power to review.

10FO

Delegation of powers.

10FP

Power to seek assistance of Chief Metropolitan Magistrate and District Magistrate.

10FQ

Appeal from order of Tribunal.

10FR

Constitution of Appellate Tribunal.

10FS

Vacancy in Appellate Tribunal, etc.

10FT

Term of office of Chairperson and Members.

10FU

Resignation of Chairperson and Members.

10FV

Removal and suspension of Chairperson and Members of Appellate Tribunal.

10FW

Salary, allowances and other terms and conditions of service of Chairperson and Members.

10FX

Selection Committee.

10FY

Chairperson, etc., to be public servants.

10FZ

Protection of action taken in good faith.

10FZA

Procedure and powers of Tribunal and Appellate Tribunal.

10G

Power to punish for contempt.

10GA

Staff of Appellate. Tribunal.

10GB

Civil court not to have jurisdiction.

10GC

Vacancy in Tribunal or Appellate Tribunal not to invalidate acts or proceedings.

10GD

Right to legal representation.

10GE

Limitation.

10GF

Appeal to Supreme Court.

 

 

Part II

Incorporation of Company and Matters Incidental thereto.

 

  

11

Prohibition of associations and partnerships exceeding certain number.

12

Mode of forming incorporated company.

13

Requirements with respect to memorandum.

14

Form of memorandum.

15

Printing and signature of memorandum.

15A

Special provision as to alteration of memorandum consequent on alteration of name of State of Madras.

15B

Special provision as to alteration of memorandum consequent on alteration of name of State of Mysore.

16

Alteration of memorandum.

17

Special resolution and confirmation by [Company Law Board] required for alteration of memorandum.

17A

Change of registered office within a State

18

Alteration to be registered within three months.

19

Effect of failure to register.

20

Companies not to be registered with undesirable names.

21

Change of name by company.

22

Rectification of name of company.

23

Registration of change of name and effect thereof.

24

Change of name of existing private limited companies.

25

Power to dispense with "Limited" in name of charitable or other company.

26

Articles prescribing regulations.

27

Regulations required in case of unlimited company, company limited by guarantee or private company limited by shares.

28

Adoption and application of Table A in the case of companies limited by shares.

29

Form of articles in the case of other companies.

30

Form and signature of articles.

31

Alteration of articles by special resolution.

32

Registration of unlimited company as limited, etc.

33

Registration of memorandum and articles.

34

Effect of registration.

35

Conclusiveness of certificate of incorporation.

36

Effect of memorandum and articles.

37

Provision as to companies limited by guarantee.

38

Effect of alteration in memorandum or articles.

39

Copies of memorandum and articles, etc., to be given to members.

40

Alteration of memorandum or articles, etc., to be noted in every copy.

41

Definition of "member".

42

Membership of holding company.

43

Consequences of default in complying with conditions constituting a company a private company.

43A

Private company to become public company in certain cases.

44

Prospectus or statement in lieu of prospectus to be filed by private company on ceasing to be private company.

45

Members severally liable for debts where business carried on with fewer than seven, or in the case of a private company, two members.

46

Form of contracts.

47

Bills of exchange and promissory notes.

48

Execution of deeds.

49

Investments of company to be held in its own name.

50

Power for company to have official seal for use outside India.

51

Service of documents on company.

52

Service of documents on Registrar.

53

Service of documents on members by company.

54

Authentication of documents and Proceedings.

 

 

Part III

Prospectus and Allotment, and other matters relating to issue of shares or debentures.

 

 

55

Dating of prospectus.

55A

Powers of Securities and Exchange Board of India

56

Matters to be stated and reports to be set out in prospectus.

57

Expert to be unconnected with formation or management of company.

58

Expert's consent to issue of prospectus containing statement by him.

58A

Deposits not to be invited without issuing  an advertisement.

58AA

Small depositors

58AAA

Default in acceptance or refund of deposits to be cognizable

58B

Provisions relating to prospectus to apply to advertisement.

59

Penalty and interpretation.

60

Registration of prospectus.

60A

Filing of Shelf prospectus.

60B

Information memorandum

61

Terms of contract mentioned in prospectus or statement in lieu of prospectus, not to be varied.

62

Civil liability for misstatements in prospectus.

63

Criminal liability for misstatements in prospectus.

64

Document containing offer of  shares or debentures for sale to be deemed prospectus.

65

Interpretation of provisions relating to prospectuses.

66

Newspaper advertisement of prospectus.

67

Construction of references to offering shares or debentures to the public, etc.

68

Penalty for fraudulently inducing persons to invest money.

68A

Personation for acquisition, etc., of shares.

69

Prohibition of allotment unless minimum subscripttion received.

70

Prohibition of allotment in certain cases unless statement in lieu of prospectus delivered to Registrar.

71

Effect of irregular allotment.

72

Application for, and allotment of, shares and debentures.

73

Allotment of shares and debentures to be dealt in on stock exchange.

74

Manner of reckoning fifth, eighth and tenth days in sections 72 and 73.

75

Return as to allotments.

76

Power to pay certain commissions and prohibition of payment of all other commissions, discounts, etc.

77

Restrictions on purchase by company, or loans by company for purchase, of its own or its holding company's shares.

77A

Power of company to purchase its own securities

77AA

Transfer of certain sums to capital redemption reserve account

77B

Prohibition for buy-back in certain circumstances.

78

Application of premiums received on issue of shares.

79

Power to issue shares at a discount.

79A

Issue of sweat equity shares

80

Power to issue redeemable preference shares.

80A

Redemption of irredeemable preference share, etc.

81

Further issue of capital.

 

 

Part IV

Share Capital and Debentures

 

 

82

Nature of shares.

83

Numbering of shares [Omitted w.e.f. 20-9-1995]

84

Certificate of shares.

85

Two kinds of share capital.

86

New issues of share capital to be only of two kinds.

87

Voting rights.

88

Prohibition of issue of shares with disproportionate rights.

89

Termination of disproportionately excessive voting rights in existing companies.

90

Savings.

91

Calls on shares of same class to be made on uniform basis.

92

Power of company to accept unpaid share capital, although not called up.

93

Payment of dividend in proportion to amount paid-up.

94

Power of limited company to alter its share capital.

94A

Share capital to stand increased where an order is made under section 81(4).

95

Notice to Registrar of consolidation of share capital, conversion of shares into stock, etc.

96

Effect of conversion of shares into stock.

97

Notice of increase of share capital or of members.

98

Power of unlimited company to provide for reserve share capital on re-registration.

99

Reserve liability of limited company.

100

Special resolution for reduction of  share capital.

101

Application to Court for confirming order, objections by creditors and settlement of list of objecting creditors.

102

Order confirming reduction and powers of Court on making such order.

103

Registration of order and minute of  reduction.

104

Liability of members in respect of reduced shares.

105

Penalty for concealing name of creditor, etc.

106

Alteration of rights of holders of special classes of shares.

107

Rights of dissentient shareholders.

108

Transfer not to be registered except on production of instrument of transfer.

108A

Restriction on acquisition of certain shares.

108B

Restriction on transfer of shares.

108C

Restriction on the transfer of shares of foreign companies.

108D

Power of Central Government to direct companies not to give effect to the transfer.

108E

Time within which refusal to be communicated.

108F

Nothing in sections 108A to 108D to apply to Government companies, etc.

108G

Applicability of the provisions of sections 108A to 108F.

108H

Construction of certain expressions used in sections 108A to 108G.

108I

Penalty for acquisition or transfer of share in contravention of sections 108A to 108D.

109

Transfer by legal representative.

109A

Nomination of shares

109B

Transmission of shares

110

Application for transfer.

111

Power to refuse registration and appeal against refusal.

111A

Rectification of register on transfer.

112

Certification of transfers.

113

Limitation of time for issue of certificates.

114

Issue and effect of share warrants to bearer.

115

Share warrants and entries in register of members.

116

Penalty for personation of shareholder.

117

Debentures with voting rights not to be issued hereafter.

117A

Debenture trust deed

117B

Appointment of debenture trustees and duties of debenture trustees

117C

Liability of company to create security and debenture redemption reserve

118

Right to obtain copies of and inspect trust deed.

119

Liability of trustees for debenture-holders.

120

Perpetual debentures.

121

Power to re-issue redeemed debentures in certain cases.

122

Specific performance of contract to subscribe for debentures.

123

Payments of certain debts out of assets subjects to floating charge in priority to claims under the charge.

 

CONTENTS

 

Sections

Particulars

Part V

Registration of Charges.

 

 

124

"Charge" to include mortgage in this Part.

125

Certain charges to be void against liquidator or creditors unless registered.

126

Date of notice of charge.

127

Registration of charges on properties acquired subject to charge.

128

Particulars in case of series o debentures entitling holders pari passu.

129

Particulars in case of commission, etc., on debentures.

130

Register of   charges to be kept by Registrar.

131

Index to register of charges.

132

Certificate of registration.

133

Endorsement of certificate of registration on debenture or certificate of debenture stock.

134

Duty of company as regards registration and right of interested party.

135

Provisions of Part to apply to modification of charges.

136

Copy of instrument creating charge to be kept by company at registered office.

137

Entry in register of charges of appointment of receiver or manager.

138

Company to report satisfaction and procedure thereafter.

139

Power of Registrar to make entries of satisfaction and release in absence of intimation from company.

140

Copy of memorandum of satisfaction to be furnished to company.

141

Rectification by Company Law Board of register of charges.

142

Penalties.

143

Company's register of charges.

144

Right to inspect copies of instruments creating charges and company's register of charges.

145

Application of Part of charges requiring registration under it but not under previous law.

 

  

Part VI

Management and Administration

  

   

Chapter I

General Provisions.

  

   

146

Registered office of company.

147

Publication of name by company.

148

Publication of authorised as well as subscribed and paid-up capital.

149

Restrictions on commencement of business.

150

Register of members.

151

Index of members.

152

Register and index of debenture-holders.

152A

Register and index of beneficial owners.

153

Trusts not to be entered on register.

153A

Appointment of public trustee.

153B

Declaration as to shares and debentures held in trust.

154

Power to close register of members or debenture-holders.

155

Omitted.

156

Omitted.

157

Power for company to keep foreign register of members or debenture-holders.

158

Provisions as to foreign registers.

159

Annual return to be made by company having a share capital.

160

Annual return to be made by company not having a share capital.

161

Further provisions regarding annual return and certificate to be annexed thereto.

162

Penalty and interpretation.

163

Place of keeping, and inspection of , registers and returns.

164

Registers etc., to be evidence.

165

Statutory meeting and statutory report of company.

166

Annual general meeting.

167

Power of Company Law Board to call annual general meeting.

168

Penalty for default in complying with section 166 or 167.

169

Calling of extraordinary general meeting on requisition.

170

Sections 171 to 186 to apply to meetings.

171

Length of notice for calling meeting.

172

Contents and manner or service of notice and persons on whom it is to be served.

173

Explanatory statement to be annexed to notice.

174

Quorum for meeting.

175

Chairman of meeting.

176

Proxies.

177

Voting to be by show of hands in first instance.

178

Chairman's declaration of result of voting by show of hands to be conclusive.

179

Demand for poll.

180

Time of taking poll.

181

Restriction on exercise of voting right of members who have not paid calls, etc.

182

Restrictions on exercise of voting right in other cases to be void.

183

Right of member to use his votes differently.

184

Scrutineers at poll.

185

Manner of taking poll and result thereof.

186

Power of Company Law Board to order meeting to be called.

187

Representation of corporations at meetings of companies and of creditors.

187A

Representation of the President and Governors in meetings of companies of which they are members.

187B

Exercise of voting rights in respect of shares held in trust.

187C

Declaration by persons not holding beneficial interest in any share.

187D

Investigation of   beneficial ownership of shares in certain cases.

188

Circulation of members' resolutions.

189

Ordinary and special resolutions.

190

Resolutions requiring special notice.

191

Resolutions passed at adjourned meetings.

192

Registration of certain resolutions and agreements.

192A

Passing of resolutions by postal ballot

193

Minutes of proceedings of general meetings and of  Board and other meetings.

194

Minutes to be evidence.

195

Presumptions to be drawn where minutes duly drawn and signed.

196

Inspection of minute books of general meetings.

197

Publication of reports of proceedings of general meetings.

197A

Company not to appoint or employ certain different categories of managerial personnel at the same time

198

Overall maximum managerial remuneration and managerial remuneration in case of absence or inadequacy of profits.

199

Calculation of commission, etc. in certain cases.

200

Prohibition of tax-fee payments.

201

Avoidance of provisions relieving liability of officers and auditors of company.

202

Undercharged insolvent not to manage companies.

203

Power to restrain fraudulent persons from managing companies.

204

Restriction on appointment of firm or body corporate to office or place of profit under a company.

204A

Restrictions on the appointment of former managing agents or secretaries and treasurers to any office.

205

Dividend to be paid only out of profits.

205A

Unpaid dividend to be transferred  to special dividend account.

205B

Payment of unpaid or unclaimed dividend.

205C

Establishment of Investor Education and Protection Fund

206

Dividend not to be paid except to registered shareholders or to their order ro to their bankers.

206A

Right to dividend, rights shares and bonus shares to be held in abeyance pending registration of transfer of shares.

207

Penalty for failure to distribute dividends within forth-two days.

208

Power of company to pay interest out of capital in certain cases.

209

Books of account to be kept by company.

209A

Inspection of books of account, etc., of companies.

210

Annual accounts and balance-sheet.

210A

Constitution of National Advisory Committee on Accounting Standards

211

Form and contents of balance-sheet and profit and loss account.

212

Balance-sheet of holding company to include certain particulars as to its subsidiaries.

213

Financial year of holding company and subsidiary.

214

Rights  of holding company's representatives and members.

215

Authentication of balance-sheet and profit and loss account.

216

Profit and loss account to be annexed and auditor's report to be attached to balance-sheet.

217

Board's report.

218

Penalty for  improper issue, circulation or publication of balance-sheet or profit and loss account.

219

Right of member to copies of balance-sheet and auditors' report.

220

Three copies of balance-sheet, etc., to be filed with Registrar.

221

Duty of  officer to make disclosure of  payments, etc.

222

Construction of references to documents annexed to accounts.

223

Certain companies to publish statement in the Form in Table F in Schedule I.

224

Appointment and remuneration of auditors.

224A

Auditor not to be appointed except with the approval of the company by special resolution in certain cases.

225

Provisions as to resolutions for appointing or removing auditors.

226

Qualifications and disqualifications of auditors.

227

Powers and duties of auditors.

228

Audit of accounts of branch office of company.

229

Signature of audit report, etc.

230

Reading and inspection of auditor's report.

231

Right of auditor to attend general meeting.

232

Penalty for non-compliance by auditor with sections 225 and 231.

233

Penalty for non-compliance by auditor with sections 227 and 229.

233A

Power of Central Government to direct special audit in certain cases.

233B

Audit of cost accounts in certain cases.

234

Power of Registrar to call for information or explanation.

234A

Seiqure of documents by Registrar.

235

Investigation of the affairs of a company.

236

Application by members to be supported by evidence and power to call for security.

237

Investigation of company's affairs in other cases.

238

Firm, body corporate or association not to be appointed as inspector.

239

Power of inspectors to carry investigation into affairs of related companies.

240

Production of documents and evidence.

240A

Seizure of documents by inspector.

241

Inspector's report.

242

Prosecution.

243

Application for winding up of company or an order under section 397 or 398.

244

Proceedings for recovery of damages or property.

245

Expenses of investigation.

246

Inspector's report to be evidence.

247

Investigation of ownership of company.

248

Information regarding persons having an interest in company.

249

Investigation of associate ship with managing agent, etc.

250

Imposition of restrictions   upon shares and debentures and prohibition of transfer of shares or debentures in certain cases.

250A

Voluntary winding up of company, etc. not to stop investigation proceedings.

251

Saving for legal advisers and bankers.

 

CONTENTS

 

Sections

Particulars

Chapter II

Directors

      

     

252

Minimum number of directors.

253

Only individuals to be directors.

254

Subscribers of   memorandum deemed to be directors.

255

Appointment of directors and proportion of those who are to retire by rotation.

256

Ascertainment of directors retiring by rotation and filling of vacancies.

257

Right of persons other than retiring directors to stand for directorship.

258

Right of company to increase or reduce the number of directors.

259

Increase in number of directors to require Government sanction.

260

Additional directors.

261

Certain persons not to be appointed directors, except by special resolution.

262

Filling of casual vacancies among directors.

263

Appointment of directors to be voted on individually.

263A

Sections 177, 255, 256 and 263 not to apply in relation to companies not carrying on business for profit, etc.

264

Consent of candidate for directorship to be filed with the company and consent to act as director to be filed with the Registrar.

265

Option to company to adopt proportional representation for the appointment of directors.

266

Restrictions on appointment or advertisement of director.

267

Certain persons not to be appointed managing directors.

268

Amendment of provision relating to managing, whole time or non-rotational directors to require Government approval.

269

Appointment of managing or whole-time director or manager to require Government approval only in certain cases.

270

Time within which share qualification is to be obtained and maximum amount thereof.

271

Repealed.

272

Penalty.

273

Saving

274

Disqualifications of directors.

275

No person to be a director of  more than twenty companies.

276

Choice to be made by director of more than twenty companies at commencement of Act.

277

Choice by person becoming director of more than twenty companies after commencement of Act.

278

Exclusion of certain directorships for the purposes of sections 275, 276 and 277.

279

Penalty.

280

Repealed.

281

Repealed.

282

Repealed.

283

Vacation of office by directors.

284

Removal of directors.

285

Board to meet at least once in every three calendar months.

286

Notice of meetings.

287

Quorum for meetings.

288

Procedure where meeting adjourned for want of quorum.

289

Passing of resolutions by circulation.

290

Validity of acts of directors.

291

General powers of Board.

292

Certain powers to be exercised by Board only at meeting.

292A

Audit Committee

293

Restrictions on powers of Board.

293A

Prohibitions and restrictions regarding political contributions.

293B

Power of Board and other persons to make contributions to the National Defence Fund, etc.

294

Appointment of sole selling agents to require approval of company in general meeting.

294A

Prohibition of payment of compensation to sole selling agents for loss of office in certain cases.

294AA

Power of Central Government to prohibit the appointment of sole selling agents in certain cases.

295

Loans to directors, etc.

296

Application of section 295 to book debts in certain cases.

297

Board's sanction to be required for certain contracts in which particular directors are interested.

298

Power of  directors to carry on business when managing agent or secretaries and treasurers are deemed to have vacated office, etc.

299

Disclosure of interests by director.

300

Interested director not to participate or vote in Board's proceedings.

301

Register of contracts, companies  and firms in which directors are interested.

302

Disclosure to members of director's interest in contract appointing manager, managing director.

303

Register of directors.

304

Inspection of the register.

305

Duty of directors, etc., to make disclosure.

306

Register to be kept by Registrar and inspection thereof.

307

Register of directors' shareholdings, etc.

308

Duty of directors and persons deemed to be directors to make disclosure of shareholdings.

309

Remuneration  of directors.

310

Provision for increase in remuneration to require Government sanction.

311

Increase in remuneration of managing director on reappointment or  appointment after Act to require Government sanction.

312

Prohibition of assignment of office by director.

313

Appointment and term of office of alternate directors.

314

Director, etc., not to hold office or place of profit.

315

Omitted.

316

Number of companies of which one person may be appointed managing director.

317

Managing Director not to be appointed for more than five years at a time.

318

Compensation for loss of office not permissible except to managing or whole-time directors or  to directors who are managers.

319

Payment to director, etc., for loss of office,  etc., in connection with transfer of undertaking or property.

320

Payment to director   for loss of office, etc., in connection with transfer of shares.

321

Provisions supplementary to sections 318, 319 and 320.

322

Directors, etc., with unlimited liability in limited company.

323

Special resolution of limited company making liability of directors, etc., unlimited.

    

      

Chapter III

Managing Agents

      

      

324

Power of Central Government to notify that companies engaged in specified classes of industry or business shall not have managing agents.

324A

Abolition of   managing agencies and secretaries and treasurers.

325

Managing agency company not to have managing agent.

325A

Subsidiary of a body corporate not to be appointed as managing agent.

326

Central Government to approve of appointment, etc., of managing agent and circumstances in which approval may be accorded.

327

Application of sections 328 to 331.

328

Term of office of managing agent.

329

Variation of   managing agency agreement.

330

Term of office of existing managing agents to terminate on 15th August, 1960.

331

Application of Act to existing managing agents.

332

No person to be managing agent of more than ten companies after 15th August, 1960.

333

Right of managing agent to charge  on company's assets.

334

Vacation of   office on insolvency, dissolution or winding up, etc.

335

Suspension from office where receiver appointed.

336

Vacation of office on conviction in certain cases.

337

Removal for fraud   or breach of trust.

338

Removal for gross negligence or mismanagement.

339

Power to call meetings for the purposes of sections 337 and 338 and procedure.

340

Time when certain disqualifications will take effect.

341

Conviction not to operate as disqualification if convicted partner, director, etc., is expelled.

342

Resignation of office by managing agent.

343

Transfer of office by managing agent.

344

Managing agency not to  be heritable after commencement of Act.

345

Succession to managing agency by inheritance or device under agreement before commencement of Act, to be subject to Central Government's approval.

346

Changes in constitution of managing agency, firm or corporation to be approved by Central Government.

347

Application of Schedule VIII to certain managing agents.

348

Remuneration of managing agent ordinarily not to exceed 10 per cent of net profits.

349

Determination of depreciation.

350

Ascertainment of depreciation.

351

Special provision where there is a profit-sharing arrangement between two or more companies.

352

Payment of additional remuneration.

353

Time of payment of remuneration.

354

Managing agent not entitled to office allowance but entitled to be reimbursed in respect of expenses.

355

Saving.

356

Appointment of managing agent or associate as selling agent of goods produced by the company.

357

Application of section 356 to case where business of company consists of the supply or rendering of any services.

358

Appointment of managing agent or associate as buying agent for company.

359

Commission, etc., of managing agent as buying or selling agent of other concerns.

360

Contracts between managing agent or associate and company for the sale or purchase of goods or the supply of services, etc.

361

Existing contracts relating to matters dealt with in sections 356 to 360 to terminate on 1st March, 1958.

362

Registers to be open to inspection.

363

Remuneration received in contravention of foregoing sections to be held in trust for company.

364

Company not to be bound by assignment of, or charge on, managing agent's remuneration.

365

Prohibition of payment of  compensation for loss of office in certain cases.

366

Limit of compensation for loss of office.

367

Managing agent's rights and liabilities after termination of office.

368

Managing agent to be subject to control of Board and to restrictions in Schedule VII.

369

Loans to managing agent.

370

Loans, etc., to companies under the same management.

370A

Provisions as to certain loans which could not have been made if sections 369 and 370 were in force.

371

Penalty for contravention of section 369, 370 or 370A.

372

Purchase by company of shares, etc., of other companies.

373

Investments made before commencement of Act.

374

Penalty for contravention of section 372 or 373.

375

Managing agent not to engage in business competing with business of managed company.

376

Condition prohibiting reconstruction or amalgamation of company except on continuance of managing agent, etc., to be void.

377

Restrictions on right of managing agent to appoint directors.

CONTENTS

 

Sections

Particulars

Chapter IV

A. Secretaries and Treasurers.

   

    

378

Appointment of secretaries and treasurers.

379

Provisions applicable to managing agents to apply to secretaries and treasurers with the exceptions and modifications specified in sections 380 to 383.

380

Sections 324, 330 and 332 not to apply.

381

Section 348 to apply subject to a modification.

382

Secretaries and treasurers not to appoint directors.

383

Secretaries and treasurers not to sell goods or articles produced by company, etc., unless authorised by Board.

383A

Certain companies to have secretaries.

   

    

  

B. Managers

384

Firm or body corporate not to be appointed manager.

385

Certain persons not to be appointed managers.

386

Number of companies of which a person may be appointed manager.

387

Remuneration of manager.

388

Application of sections 269, 310, 311, 312 and 317 to managers.

388A

Sections 386 to 388 not to apply to certain private companies.

   

  

Chapter IVA

Powers of Central Government to Remove Managerial Personnel from Office on the Recommendation of the Company Law Board.

   

  

388B

Reference to Company Law Board of cases against managerial personnel.

388C

Interim order by Company Law Board.

388D

Findings of the Company Law Board.

388E

Power of Central Government to remove managerial personnel on the basis of Company Law Board's decision.

   

  

Chapter V

Arbitration, Compromises, Arrangements and Reconstructions.

   

  

389

Repealed - Power for Companies to refer matters to arbitration.

390

Interpretation of sections 391 and 393.

391

Power to compromise or make arrangements with creditors and members.

392

Power of High Court to enforce compromises and arrangements.

393

Information as to compromises or arrangements with creditors and members.

394

Provisions for facilitating reconstruction and amalgamation of companies.

394A

Notice to be given to Central Government for applications under Sections 391 and 394.

395

Power and duty to acquire shares of shareholders dissenting from scheme or contract approved by majority.

396

Power of Central Government to provide for amalgamation of companies in national interest.

396A

Preservation of books and papers of amalgamated company.

   

  

Chapter VI

Prevention of Oppression and Mismanagement.

    

    

397

Application to Company Law Board for relief in cases of oppression.

398

Application to Company Law Board for relief in cases of mismanagement.

399

Right to apply under sections 397 and 398.

400

Notice to be given to Central Government of applications under sections 397 and 398.

401

Right of Central Government to apply under sections 397 and 398.

402

Powers of Company Law Board on application under section 397 or 398.

403

Interim order by Company Law Board.

404

Effect of alteration of memorandum or articles of company by order under section 397 or 398.

405

Addition of respondents to application under section 397 or 398.

406

Application of sections 539 to 544 to proceedings under sections 397 and 398.

407

Consequences of termination or modification of certain agreements.

408

Powers of Government to prevent oppression or mismanagement.

409

Power of Company Law Board to prevent change in Board of Directors Likely to affect company prejudicially.

  

  

Chapter VII

Constitution and Powers of Advisory Committee.

   

  

410

Appointment of Advisory Committee.

411

Repealed.

412

Repealed.

413

Repealed.

414

Repealed.

415

Repealed.

    

   

Chapter VIII

Miscellaneous provisions.

   

   

416

Contracts by agents of company in which company is undisclosed principal.

417

Employees' securities to be deposited in post office savings Bank or in Scheduled Bank.

418

Provision applicable to provident funds of employees.

419

Right of employee to see bank's receipt for moneys or securities referred to in section 417 or 418.

420

Penalty for contravention of section 417, 418 and 419.

421

Filing of accounts of receivers.

422

Invoices, etc., to refer to  receiver where there is one.

423

Penalty for non-compliance with sections 421 and 422.

424

Application of sections 421 to 423 to receivers and managers appointed by Court and managers appointed in pursuance of an instrument.

424A   

Reference to Tribunal.

424B   

Inquiry into working of sick industrial companies.

424C   

Powers of Tribunal to make suitable order on completion of inquiry.

424D   

Preparation and sanction of schemes.

424E   

Rehabilitation by giving financial assistance.

424F   

Arrangement for continuing operations, etc., during inquiry.

424G   

Winding up of sick industrial company.

424H   

Operating agency to prepare complete inventory, etc.

424I   

Direction not to dispose of assets.

424J   

Power of Tribunal to call for periodic information.

424K   

Misfeasance proceedings.

424L   

Penalty for certain offences.

   

  

Part VII

Winding Up

  

  

Chapter I

Preliminary

   

  

425

Modes of winding up.

426

Liability as contributories of present and past members.

427

Obligations of directors, managers whose liability is unlimited.

428

Definition of "contributory".

429

Nature of liability of contributory.

430

Contributories in case of death of member.

431

Contributories in case of insolvency of member.

432

Contributories in case of winding up of a body corporate which is a member.

   

   

Chapter II

Winding up by the Court.

   

  

433

Circumstances in which company may be wound up by Court.

434

Company when deemed unable  to pay its debts.

435

Transfer of winding up proceedings to District Court.

436

Withdrawal and transfer of winding up from one District Court to another.

437

Power of High Court to retain winding up proceedings in District  Court.

438

Jurisdiction of High court under sections 435, 436 and 437 to be exercised at any time and at any stage.

439

Provisions as to applications for winding up.

439A

Statement of affairs to he filed on winding up of a company.

440

Right to present winding up petition where company is being wound up voluntarily or subject to Court's supervision.

441

Commencement of winding up by Court.

441A

Levy and collection of cess on turnover or gross receipts of companies.

441B

Crediting proceeds of cess to Consolidated Fund of India.

441C

Rehabilitation Fund.

441D

Application of Fund.

441E

Power to call for information.

441F

Penalty for non-payment of cess.

441G

Refund of fund in certain cases.

442

Power of Court to stay or restrain proceedings against Company.

443

Powers of Court on hearing petition.

444

Order for winding up to be communicated to Official Liquidator and Registrar.

445

Copy of winding up order to be filed with Registrar.

446

Suits stayed on winding up order.

446A

Responsibility of directors and officers to submit to Tribunal audited books and accounts.

447

Effect of winding up order.

448

Appointment of Official Liquidator.

449

Official Liquidator to be Liquidator.

450

Appointment and powers of provisional liquidator.

451

General provision as to liquidators.

452

Style etc., of liquidator.

453

Receiver not to be appointed of assets with liquidator.

454

Statement of affairs to be made to Official Liquidator.

455

Report by Official Liquidator.

456

Custody of company's property.

457

Powers of liquidator.

458

Discretion of liquidator.

458A

Exclusion of certain time in computing periods of limitation.

459

Provision for legal assistance to liquidator.

460

Exercise and control of liquidator's powers.

461

Books to be kept by liquidator.

462

Audit of liquidator's accounts.

463

Control of Central Government over liquidators.

464

Appointment and composition of committee of inspection.

465

Constitution and proceedings of committee of inspection.

466

Power of Court to stay winding up.

467

Settlement of list of contributories and application of assets.

468

Delivery of property to liquidator.

469

Payment of debts due by contributory and extent of set-off.

470

Power of Court to make calls.

471

Payment into bank of moneys due to company.

472

Moneys and securities paid into Bank to be subject to order of Court.

473

Order on contributory to be conclusive evidence.

474

Power to exclude creditors not proving in time.

475

Adjustment of rights of contributories.

476

Power to order costs.

477

Power to summon persons suspected of having property of company. etc.

478

Power to order public examination of promoters, directors, etc.

479

Power to arrest absconding contributory.

480

Saving of existing powers of Court.

481

Dissolution of Company.

482

Order made in any Court to be enforced by other Courts.

483

Appeals from orders.

   

   

Chapter III

Voluntary winding up.

     

   

484

Circumstances in which company may be wound up voluntarily.

485

Publication of resolution to wind up voluntarily.

486

Commencement of voluntary winding up.

487

Effect of voluntary winding up on status of company.

488

Declaration of solvency in case of proposal to wind up voluntarily.

489

Provisions applicable to a members' voluntary winding up.

490

Power of company to appoint and fix remuneration of Liquidators.

491

Board's powers to cease on appointment of a liquidator.

492

Power to fill vacancy in office of liquidator.

493

Notice of appointment of liquidator to be given to Registrar.

494

Power of liquidator to accept shares, etc., as consideration for sale of property fo company.

495

Duty of liquidator to call creditors'  meeting in case of insolvency.

496

Duty of liquidator to call general meeting at end of each year.

497

Final meeting and dissolution.

498

Alternative provisions as to annual and final meetings in case of insolvency.

499

Provisions applicable to a creditors' voluntary winding up.

500

Meeting of creditors.

501

Notice of resolutions passed by creditors' meeting to be given to Registrar.

502

Appointment of liquidator.

503

Appointment of committee of inspection.

504

Fixing of liquidators' remuneration.

505

Board's powers to cease on appointment of liquidator.

506

Power to fill vacancy in office of liquidator.

507

Application of section 494 to a creditors' voluntary winding up.

508

Duty of liquidator to call meetings of company and of creditors' at the end of each year.

509

Final meeting and dissolution.

510

Provisions applicable to every voluntary winding up.

511

Distribution of property of company.

511A

Application of section 454 to voluntary winding up.

512

Powers and duties of liquidator in voluntary winding up.

513

Body corporate not to be appointed as liquidator.

514

Corrupt inducement affecting appointment as liquidator.

515

Power of Court to appoint and remove liquidator in voluntary winding up.

516

Notice by liquidator of his appointment.

517

Arrangement when binding on company and creditors.

518

Power to apply to Court to have questions determined or powers exercised.

519

Application of Liquidator to Court for public examination of promoters, directors, etc.

520

Costs of voluntary winding up.

521

Repealed.

CONTENTS

 

Sections

Particulars

Chapter IV

Winding up subject to supervision of Court.

  

  

522

Power to order winding up  subject to supervision.

523

Effect of petition for winding up subject to supervision.

524

Power of Court to appoint or  remove liquidators.

525

Powers and obligations of liquidator appointed by Court.

526

Effect of supervision order.

527

Appointment in certain cases of voluntary liquidators to office of liquidators.

  

 

Chapter V

Provisions applicable to every mode of Winding up

  

 

528

Debts of all descripttions to be admitted to proof.

529

Application of insolvency rules in winding up of insolvent companies.

529A

Overriding preferential payments.

530

Preferential payments.

531

Fraudulent preference.

531A

Avoidance of voluntary transfer.

532

Transfers for benefit of all creditors to be void.

533

Liabilities and rights of certain fraudulently preferred persons.

534

Effect of floating charge.

535

Disclaimer of onerous property in case of a company which is being wound up.

536

Avoidance of transfers, etc., after commencement of winding up.

537

Avoidance of certain attachments, executions, etc., in winding up by or subject to supervision of Court.

538

Offences by officers of companies in liquidation.

539

Penalty for falsification of books.

540

Penalty for frauds by officers.

541

Liability where proper accounts not kept.

542

Liability for fraudulent conduct of business.

543

Power of Court to assess damages against delinquent directors, etc.

544

Liability under sections 542 and 543 to extend to partners or directors in firm or company.

545

Prosecution of delinquent officers and members of company.

546

Liquidator to exercise certain powers subject to sanction.

547

Notification that a company is in liquidation.

548

Books and papers of company to be evidence.

549

Inspection of books and papers by creditors and contributories.

550

Disposal of books and papers of company.

551

Information as to pending liquidations.

552

Official Liquidator to make payments in to the public account of India.

553

Voluntary Liquidator to make payments into Scheduled Bank.

554

Liquidator not to pay moneys into private banking account.

555

Unpaid dividends and undistributed assets to be paid into the Companies liquidation Account.

556

Enforcement of duty of liquidator to make returns, etc.

557

Meetings to ascertain wishes of creditors or contributories.

558

Court or person before whom affidavit may be sworn.

559

Power of Court to declare dissolution of company void.

560

Power of Registrar to strike defunct company off register.

  

 

Part VIII

Application of Act to companies formed or registered under previous Companies Laws.

  

 

561

Application of Act to companies formed and registered under previous companies laws.

562

Application of Act to companies registered but not formed under previous companies laws.

563

application of Acct to unlimited companies registered under previous companies laws.

564

Mode of transferring shares in the case of companies registered under Acts XIX of 1857 and VII of 1860.

  

 

Part IX

Companies Authorised to register under this Act.

  

 

565

Companies capable of being registered.

566

Definition of "Joint-stock company".

567

Requirements for registration of joint-stock companies.

568

Requirements for registration of companies not being joint stock companies.

569

Authentication of statements of existing companies.

570

Power of Registrar to require evidence as to nature of company.

571

Notice to customers on registration of banking company with limited liability.

572

Change of name for purposes of registration.

573

Addition of "Limited" or "Private Limited" to name.

574

Certificate of registration of existing companies.

575

Vesting of property on registration.

576

Saving for existing liabilities.

577

Continuation of pending legal proceedings.

578

Effect of registration under Part.

579

Power to substitute memorandum and articles for deed of settlement.

580

Power of Court to stay or restrain proceedings.

581

Suits stayed on winding up order.

581A

Definitions.

581B

Objects of Producer Company.

581C

Formation of Producer Company and its registration.

581D

Membership and voting rights of Members of Producer Company.

581E

Benefits to Members.

581F

Memorandum of Producer Company.

581G

Articles of association.

581H

Amendment of memorandum.

581I

Amendment of articles.

581J

Option to inter-State co-operative societies to become Producer Companies.

581K

Effect of incorporation of Producer Company.

581L

Vesting of undertaking in Producer Company.

581M

Concession, etc., to be deemed to have been granted to Producer Company.

581N

Provisions in respect of officers and other employees of inter-Stale co-operative society.

581O

Number of directors.

581P

Appointment of directors.

581Q

Vacation of office by directors.

581R

Powers and functions of Board.

581S

Matters to be transacted at general meeting.

581T

Liability of directors.

581U

Committee of directors.

581V

Meetings of Board and quorum.

581W

Meetings of Board and quorum.

581X

Secretary of Producer Company.

581Y

Quorum.

581Z

Voting rights.

581ZA

Annual general meetings.

581ZB

Share capital.

581ZC

Special user rights.

581ZD

Transferability of shares and attendant rights.

581ZE

Books of account.

581ZF

Internal audit.

581ZG

Duties of auditor under this Part.

581ZH

Donations or subscripttion by Producer Company.

581ZI

General and other reserves.

581ZJ

Issue of bonus shares.

581ZK

Loan, etc., to Members.

581ZL

Investment in other companies, formation of subsidiaries, etc.

581ZM

Penalty for contravention.

581ZN

Amalgamation, merger or division, etc., to form new Producer Companies .

581ZO

Disputes.

581ZP

Strike off name of Producer Company.

581ZQ

Provisions of this Part to override other laws.

581ZR

Application of provisions relating to private companies.

581ZS

Reconversion of Producer Company to inter-State co-operative society.

 581ZT 

Power to modify Act in its application to Producer Companies.

 

 

Part X

Winding up of Unregistered companies.

  

 

582

Meaning of "unregistered company".

583

Winding up of unregistered companies.

584

Power to wind up foreign companies, although dissolved.

585

Contributories in winding up of unregistered company.

586

Power to stay or restrain proceedings.

587

Suits, etc., stayed on winding up order.

588

Directions as to property in certain cases.

589

Provisions of Part cumulative.

590

Saving and construction of enactments conferring power to wind up partnership, association or company in certain cases.

  

 

Part XI

Companies incorporated outside India

  

  

591

Application of sections 592 to 602 to foreign companies.

592

Documents etc. ,to be delivered to Registrar by foreign companies carrying on business in India.

593

Return to be delivered to Registrar by foreign company where documents, etc., altered.

594

Accounts of foreign company.

595

Obligation to state name of foreign company, whether limited, and country where incorporated.

596

Service on foreign company.

597

Office where documents to be delivered.

598

Penalties.

599

Company's failure to comply with Part not to affect its liability under contracts, etc.

600

Registration of   charges, appointment of receiver and books of account.

601

Fees for registration of documents under Part.

602

Interpretation of foregoing sections of Part.

603

Dating of prospectus and particulars to be contained therein.

604

Provisions as to expert's consent and allotment.

605

Registration of prospectus.

605A

Offer of Indian Depository Receipts.

606

Penalty for contravention of sections 603, 604 and 605.

607

Civil liability for misstatements in prospectus.

608

Interpretation of provisions as to prospectuses.

  

  

Part XII

Registration offices and officers and fees

   

  

609

Registration Offices.

610

Inspection, production and evidence of documents kept by Registrar.

610A

Admissibility of micro films, facsimile copies of documents, computer printouts and documents on computer media as documents and as evidence.

611

Fees in Schedule X to be paid.

612

Fees, etc., paid to Registrar and other  officers to be accounted for to Central Government.

613

Power of Central Government to reduce fees, charges, etc.

614

Enforcement of duty of company to make returns,, etc., to Registrar.

614A

Power of Court trying offences under the Act to direct the filing of documents with Registrar.

   

   

Part XIII

General

    

   

615

Power of Central Government to direct companies to furnish information or statistics.

616

Application of Act to insurance, banking, electricity supply and other companies governed by special Acts.

617

Definition of "Government Company".

618

Government Companies not to have managing agents.

619

Application of sections 224 to 233 to Government Companies.

619A

Annual reports on Government Companies.

619B

Provisions of section 619 to apply to  certain companies.

620

Power to modify Act in relation to Government Companies.

620A

Power to modify Act in its application to Nidhis, etc.

620B

Special provisions as to companies in Goa, Daman and Diu.

620C

Special provisions as to companies in Jammu and Kashmir.

621

Offences against Act to be cognizable only on complaint by Registrar, shareholder or Government.

621A

Composition of certain offences.

622

Jurisdiction to try offences.

623

Certain offences triable summarily in Presidency towns.

624

Offences to be non-cognizable.

624A

Power to Central Government to appoint company prosecutors.

624B

Appeal against acquittal.

625

Payment of compensation in case of frivolous or vexatious prosecution.

626

Application of fines.

627

Production and inspection of books where offences suspected.

628

Penalty for false statements.

629

Penalty for false evidence.

629A

Penalty where no specific penalty is provided elsewhere in the Act.

630

Penalty for wrongful withholding of property.

631

Penalty for improper use of words "Limited" and "Private Limited".

632

Power to require limited company to give security for costs.

633

Power of Court to grant relief in certain cases.

634

Enforcement of orders of Courts.

634A

Enforcement of orders of Company Law Board.

635

Enforcement of orders of one Court by other Courts.

635A

Protection of acts done in good faith.

635AA

Non-disclosure of information in certain cases.

635B

Protection of employees during investigation by inspector or pendency of proceeding before Court in certain cases.

636

Reduction of fees, charges, etc., payable to company.

637

Delegation by Central Government of its powers and functions under Act.

637A

Power of Central Government or Company Law Board to accord approval, etc., subject to conditions and to prescribe fees on applications.

637AA

Power of Central Government to fix a limit with regard to remuneration.

637B

Condonation of delays in certain cases.

638

Annual report by Central Government.

639

Repealed.

640

Validation of registration of firms as members of charitable and other companies.

640A

Exclusion of time required in obtaining copies of order of Court or the Company Law Board.

640B

Forms of, and procedure in relation to certain applications.

641

Power to alter Schedules.

642

Power of Central Government to make rules.

643

Power of Supreme Court to make rules.

644

Repeal  of Acts specified in Schedule XII.

645

Saving of orders, rules, etc., in force at commencement of Act.

646

Saving of operation of section 138 of Act 7of 1913.

647

Saving of pending proceedings for winding up.

647A

Transfer of winding up proceedings to Tribunal.

648

Saving of prosecutions instituted by liquidator or Court under section 237 of Act 7 of 1913.

649

Construction of references to former enactments in documents.

650

Repealed.

651

Construction of references to extraordinary resolution in articles, etc.

652

Appointment under previous companies laws to have effect as if made under Act.

653

Former registration offices continued.

654

Registers under previous companies laws to be deemed to be part of registers under Act.

655

Funds and accounts under Act to be in continuation of funds and accounts under previous companies law.

656

Saving of incorporation under repealed Acts.

657

Saving of certain Tables under previous companies laws.

658

Section 6 of the General Clauses Act, 1897 to apply in addition to sections 645 to 657 of Act.

      

   

SCHEDULES

 

 

    

659.

SCHEDULE I

660.

SCHEDULE IA

661.

SCHEDULE II

662.

SCHEDULE III

663.

SCHEDULE IV

664.

SCHEDULE V

665.

SCHEDULE VI

666.

SCHEDULE VII & VIII

667.

SCHEDULE IX    

668.

SCHEDULE    

669.

SCHEDULE XI    

670.

SCHEDULE XII    

671.

SCHEDULEXIII

672.

SCHEDULE XIV

673.

SCHEDULE XV

674.

THE SCHEDULE (AMENDMENTS TO THE INSURANCE ACT, 1938)