the company act 2013

Certificate of Incorporation

company veil

corporate veil is a legal concept that separates the actions of an organisation to the actions of the shareholder.

The Memorandum of Association is regarded as the "CHARTER OF COMPANY".

In general sense, You can understand, Corporate Veil Is "Status of Separate Legal Entity ",Whenever the fraud happens, Then in special Circumstances court/Tribunal Lift the Corporate Veil,Mean ,To Disable the status of Separate legal entity,

what is deference between member,promoter,shareholder and subscriber

member - Every person whose name is entered into register of member after incorporation, Including First Subscriber to Memorandum or Any person agrees to become member by subscribing Shares In Case of Co. Ltd by Shares, By Explicit consent in case of Co ltd by Guarantee /Unlimited Liability Co.

Promoter - In general sense, Promoter is a person who conceive the idea of Business, Do all preliminary works like Drafting, Vetting, Filing and giving status to Such business as company, However Statutory definition is little tricky, Which says, Every Person Whose Name is entered into Prospectus as Promoter, or in Annual Return, Who controls over the affairs of the company Whether as Member or Director Or BOD Accustomed to act according to his advice.

shareholder ,Who either subscribe shares of company and agree in writing to become member of the company, Including First subscribed to Memorandum, And any person become member due to transfer /transmission or by virtue of new issue, (Name to be entered into Register of Member (MGT-1) or name appeared in Depository as Beneficial owner.

Subscriber - The person(s) Who signs Memorandum of Association("MOA"), Are called First subscriber to MOA and thereafter every future member shall be deemed to subscriber of MOA

holding and subsidiary company?