India's five leading industrial states – Maharashtra, Karnataka, Delhi, Tamil Nadu, and Gujarat – were responsible for over 72% of direct tax collections and 53% of Central GST in the 2023-24 fiscal year. In stark contrast, less developed states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh received a significant portion of devolved taxes despite contributing only 5% to direct tax and Central GST. This disparity has sparked concerns, particularly among southern states, who argue for a fairer tax distribution system.
The top five industrial states of India - Maharashtra, Karnataka, Delhi, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat collectively contributed more than 72% of the direct taxes and 53% of Central GST in FY 2023-24, according to data tabled in Parliament on Monday. Meanwhile, less developed states like Uttar Pradesh (UP), Bihar and Madhya Pradesh (MP) received 36% of the tax devolved by the Centre, despite contributing only 5% to the total direct tax and Central GST collections.
Disparity in Tax Contribution and Devo
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FAQ :
The top five industrial states are Maharashtra, Karnataka, Delhi, Tamil Nadu, and Gujarat.
These states collectively contributed over 72% of the direct taxes in FY 2023-24.
The top five industrial states contributed 53% of the Central GST in FY 2023-24.
Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh together contributed only 5% to the total direct tax and Central GST collections.
Despite their low tax contribution, UP, Bihar, and MP received 36% of the tax devolved by the Centre.
The 16th Finance Commission is reviewing the distribution of tax revenue among states to address regional imbalances and fiscal federalism issues.