The history of performance appraisal is quite brief. Its roots in the early 20th century can be traced to Taylor's pioneering Time and Motion studies. But this is not very helpful, for the same may be said about almost everything in the field of modern human resources management. As a distinct and formal management procedure used in the evaluation of work performance, appraisal really dates from the time of the Second World War - not more than 60 years ago.
In many organizations - but not all - appraisal results are used, either directly or directly, to help determine reward outcomes. That is, the appraisal results are used to identify the better performing employees who should get the majority of available merit pay increases, bonuses and promotions.
The purpose of this study has been to determine whether the performance appraisal was used for employee development and whether the appraisal was emphasized as an important part of the performance appraisal process in steel industry. Also whether the performance appraisal helps in increasing industry’s profitability.
The performance appraisal has helped in increasing the profitability of industry.
Almost every organization in one way or another goes through a periodic ritual, formally or informally, known as performance appraisal. Performance appraisal has been called many things. The formal performance appraisal has been called a tool of management, a control process, an activity and a critical element in human resources allocation. Uses for performance appraisal have included equal employment opportunity considerations, promotions, transfer and salary increases. Primarily performance appraisal has been considered an overall system for controlling an organization. Performance appraisal has also been called an audit function of an organization regarding the performance of individuals, groups and entire divisions.
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OBJECTIVE OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
There are mainly two purposes for which performance appraisal is used by an organization:
(1)To improve the work performance of employees by helping them realize and use their full potential in carrying out the firm’s missions; and
(2)To provide information to employees for use in making work related decisions,
More specifically, appraisals serve the following purposes.
1)Appraisals generate information to support administrative decisions. Promotions transfers and reassignments, demotions and termination’s are action based at least in part on performance.
2)Appraisals provide feedback to employees and thereby serve as vehicle for personal or career development because feedback provides:
·Reassurance that they are contributing and doing the right thing
·Awareness of the impact on the desired results
·A measure of the adequacy of performance (quality, quantity, speed etc.)
·Recognition of the importance and value of their performance.
3) Once the development needs of employees are identified appraisals can help establish objectives for training programmes. Thus evaluations provide a basis for changing performance plans, including objectives and standards of behaviors as business plans and conditions change.
4) As a result of proper specifications of performance levels, appraisals can help diagnose organizational problems. They do so by identifying training needs and the knowledge, abilities, and other characteristics to consider in hiring, and they also provide a basis for distinguishing between, effective and ineffective performers.
5) Appraisals are used as criteria in test evaluations.
The rationale for differential treatment of employees needs to be consistent with company’s values, philosophy and strategy. It also needs to be balanced with the desire for collaboration, rather than competition and conflict, sought in TQM.
Big Boss: This year your performance was good, excellent and outstanding. So, your rating is "average".
Kumar: What? How come 'average'?
Big Boss: Because...err...uhh...you lack domain knowledge.
Kumar: But last year you said I am a domain expert and you put me in this project as a domain consultant.
Big Boss: Oh is it? Well, in that case, I think your domain knowledge has eroded this year.
Kumar: What???
Big Boss: Yes, I didn't see you sharing knowledge on Purchasing domain.
Kumar: Why would I? Because I am not in Purchasing, I am in Manufacturing.
Big Boss: This is what I don't like about you. You give excuse for everything.
Kumar: Huh? *Confused*
Big Boss: Next, you need to improve your communication skills.
Kumar: Like what? I am the one who trained the team on "Business Communication", you sat in the audience and took notes, you remember?
Big Boss: Oh is it? Errr...well..I mean, you need to improve your Social Pragmatic Affirmative Communication.
Kumar: Huh? What the hell is that? *Confused*
Big Boss: See! That's why you need to learn about it.
Kumar: *head spinning*
Big Boss: Next, you need to sharpen your recruiting skills. All the guys you recruited left within 2 months.
Kumar: Well, not my mistake. You told them you will sit beside them and review their code, and most resigned the next day itself. Couple of them even attempted suicide.
Big Boss:*stunned* (recovers from shock) Err...anyway, I tried to give you a better rating, but our Normalization process gave you only 'average'.
Kumar: Last year that process gave me 'excellent'. This year just 'average'? Why is this process pushing me up and down every year?
Big Boss: That's a complicated process. You don't want to hear.
Kumar: I'll try to understand. Go ahead.
Big Boss: Well, we gather in a large room, write down the names of sub-ordinates in bits of paper, and throw them up in the air. Whichever lands on the floor gets 'average', whichever lands on table gets 'good', whichever we manage to catch gets 'excellent' and whichever gets stuck to ceiling gets 'outstanding'.
Kumar: (eyes popping out) What? Ridiculous! So who gets 'poor' rating?
Big Boss: Those are the ones we forget to write down.
Kumar: What the hell! And how can paper bits stick to ceiling for 'outstanding'?
Big Boss: Oh no, now you have started questioning our 20 year old organizational process!
A performance appraisal is an essential tool used in Human Resource Management to assess the performance of employees and identify areas for improvement. It is a process of determining, evaluating, and documenting employee performance in terms of the organization's goals, objectives, and standards. The performance appraisal process helps foster communication between an employee and their manager and allows both parties to discuss areas of improvement. It also provides a basis for setting objectives and developing career paths. Additionally, performance appraisals can be used to identify training needs and competencies required for successful job performance. Ultimately, performance management software helps the performance appraisal process to ensure that employees meet their goals and that the organization is reaching its targets.
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