PROVISION

 We should debit in P&L A/c expenditure incurred to earn income. But there will some will be some expenditure where i will come to know its exact monetary value in future only. But i need to close books on 31st march. Example income tax. It is also expenditure for business man. Even though i can calculate it, it comes certain only when income tax department accepts it. They  will take around two years to process and accept. So i create provision to provide for such expense.

 Thank u so much. But can we place that amount(INCOME TAX) into Amount Payble account instead of creating provision??

See if liability is certain then we can show it as income tax payable. But it is not certain. It may change depends on Income assessment. It may be same or it may increase or decrease. So it is shown under provision.

 Requirement to create provision arises due to the applicability of Concept of Conservatism (or Prudence). According to this concept if there is likelihood of any loss or expenditure in future it must be recorded in the books immediately. But it should be noted that we can record only those items that can me expressed in terms of money therefor these items are recorded only when they can be ascertained.

 suppose i made provision for certain expense .Then accounting will be

for a  Fin Year

  EXPENSE(DR)    PROVISION(CR)

for Other Fin Year(Say after realisation)

PROVISION(DR)  BANK(DR)

 is that correct??????

 As I said that provision is made to record a probable future loss, therefore it is charged to P/L acount. The journal entry to make provision is

P/L Account        dr.

To Provision for ..... A/c

(Being provision created.)

For example if thereis likelihood of arising an expnediture in respect of repairs and the estimated amount s. 1,000

P/L account                 Dr.     1,000

To Provision for Repairs A.c                 1,000

(..........)

Provision is shown in the balance sheet.

Now in the subsequent year the actual repairs incurred amount to Rs. 800 the entry will be

Provision for Repairs                   Dr.                800

To Bank A/c                                                                       800

(....).

Thanks Mr Dhirendra singh for your replies

Concept of Conservatism / Prudence.