Ernst & Young’s history

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Two people. One vision.

It has taken the bold leadership and countless contributions of people around the world to form the leading global organization Ernst & Young is today. Our roots go back to the 19th century and our founders Arthur Young and Alwin C Ernst.

Arthur Young was born in Glasgow, Scotland. He graduated in law, but became interested in banking and investment. In 1890, he moved to the US to pursue his career in accounting. In 1906, he formed an accounting firm, Arthur Young & Company, with his brother Stanley.

Alwin C Ernst was born in Cleveland, USA. After leaving school he worked as a bookkeeper. Then, in 1903, he and his brother Theodore started Ernst & Ernst, a small public accounting firm.

Both Arthur Young and AC Ernst were innovators and appreciated the importance of quality in their work. Ernst pioneered the idea that accounting information could be used to make business decisions and make a difference to clients’ organizations. He inspired his people to deliver better service to clients. Young also positioned himself as a business advisor as much as an accountant.

Both men understood the importance of their people. In 1920, Ernst & Ernst’s operating philosophy stated: “The success of Ernst & Ernst depends wholly upon the character, ability and industry of the men and women who make up the organization.” Young supported the development of professionals. In the 1920s he originated a staff school and, in the 1930s, the firm was the first to recruit from university campuses.

Both firms were also quick to enter the global marketplace. As early as 1924, they allied with prominent British firms: Young with Broads Paterson & Co and Ernst with Whinney Smith & Whinney. These alliances were the first of many for both firms, which opened offices around the world to service their international clients.

AC Ernst and Arthur Young never met in life, but died within days of each other in 1948. However their philosophies lived on and, in 1989, were brought together when the firms they started combined to create Ernst & Young. The new organization quickly positioned itself on the leading edge of rapid globalization, new business technologies and continuous business change.

AC Ernst and Arthur Young would surely be proud of the result — a global organization of 144,000 people sharing their ideals and passion to help clients improve their businesses around the globe.

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Key dates for Ernst & Young


  • 1849  -  Harding & Pullein founded in England. Joined by Frederick Whinney
  • 1859   Whinney made a partner
  • 1894   Arthur Young starts his first firm, Stuart and Young, in Chicago Harding & Pullein renamed Whinney, Smith & Whinney
  • 1864    Thomas Clarkson starts a trustee and receivership firm in Toronto
  • 1903    Alwin and Theodore Ernst form Ernst & Ernst in Cleveland, US
  • 1906    Arthur and brother Stanley form Arthur Young & Company in Chicago
  • 1924   Arthur Young allies with Broad Paterson & Co, England Ernst & Ernst allies with Whinney, Smith & Whinney
  • 1939   Clarkson allies with Woods Gordon & Co to expand into management consulting
  • 1944    Clarkson Gordon & Company allies with Arthur Young & Co
  • 1979    Ernst & Whinney forms and becomes the fourth largest accountancy firm in the world Arthur Young’s European offices join several large local European firms
  • 1989    Arthur Young merges with Ernst & Whinney to create Ernst & Young
  • 2000    Ernst & Young unveils a new, integrated global organization
  • 2006   Ernst & Young integrates its Americas Area
  • 2008   Ernst & Young integrates its EMEIA and Far East Areas



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