Any individual can claim the deduction u/s 80GG. Irrespective of whether you are a salaried individual, or a business person, you can claim deduction under Sec 80GG.
Of course, you need to be paying rent, and for your own accommodation.
Thus, if you are paying rent for a house where your parents live, you can not claim deduction u/s 80GG. Similarly, if you are staying in a house but your spouse is paying the rent, you can not claim any deduction.
You can claim deduction for either furnished or unfurnished accommodation.
You can not claim deduction u/s 80GG if:
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You receive HRA from your employer (or you received HRA from your current or previous employer at any time in the year)
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You or your spouse or your minor child owns a house at the place (city / town / village) where you normally stay, work or conduct business
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You are a member of a Hindu Undivided Family (HUF), and the HUF owns a house at the place where you normally stay, work or conduct business
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You own a house at any other place and claim concessions of self-occupied house property for it (For example, tax benefit of a home loan for the house)
The amount allowed as deduction is the minimum of the following:
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Rent / lease amount paid less 10% of your total income
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Rs. 2,000 per month
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25% of your total income
You need to declare that you are paying the rent. This has to be done by filling up and filing from 10-BA.