Income tax notices are alerts from the tax department to salaried employees regarding issues in their filed tax returns. These typically stem from discrepancies in reported income, errors in tax deductions, unreported earnings, or unsubstantiated claims. For salaried individuals, such notices underscore the importance of accuracy and transparency in tax filing. A timely and correct response is crucial to resolving the matter and maintaining compliance.
In India, salaried individuals may receive various income tax notices, each addressing a distinct issue, ranging from minor discrepancies to serious concerns, such as penalties. Understanding the exact nature of the notice is crucial for providing a precise response and avoiding legal or financial difficulties.
| Notice Type | Section | What It Means |
| Intimation | 143(1) | Summary of ITR processing; indicates refund due or tax payable. |
| Inquiry/Information | 142(1) | Request for more documents or asks why ITR not filed; non-response can result in penalties. |
| Scrutiny Notice | 143(2) | Detailed examination of return to ensure accuracy of income, deductions, and claims. |
| Defective Return | 139(9) | Intimates taxpayer of errors in the return and asks for correction within 15 days. |
| Income Escaping Assessment | 148 | Issued if past income is believed to be underreported or tax evaded; leads to reassessment. |
| Demand Notice | 156 | Informs about outstanding tax, interest, or penalty payable; requires payment within 30 days. |
| Refund Adjustment | 245 | Notifies about intent to adjust current year refund against previous year’s dues. |
Understanding the Significance of Tax Notices for the Salaried Class
- 143(1) Intimation: A routine notice confirming the status of your tax or refund, or highlighting any data mismatches. A prompt online response is required.
- 142(1) Inquiry: A request for clarification on deductions, income sources, or for not filing a return. Ignoring it may lead to a penalty of up to ₹10,000 and potential legal action.
- 143(2) Scrutiny: Your return has been selected for a detailed review. You must compile all supporting documents and submit a response within the stipulated deadline.
- 139(9) Defective Return: This notice identifies errors in your original filing. You have 15 days to correct the return to prevent it from being declared invalid.
- 148 Income Escaping Assessment: Issued when the department believes you have not fully disclosed your income or have underpaid taxes. This can lead to the reopening of a past assessment.
- 156 Demand Notice: A formal instruction to pay outstanding tax dues immediately. Delay in payment will result in additional interest and penalties.
- 245 Refund Adjustment: Informs you that an expected tax refund will be used to settle any existing unpaid tax liabilities. You can file an objection if needed.
Notices are typically triggered by discrepancies such as:
- A mismatch between reported income and the TDS declared by your employer.
- Failure to report additional income (e.g., from freelance work, investments, or rent).
- Claiming deductions or exemptions without valid proof.
- High-value financial transactions that are inconsistent with your declared income.
- Discrepancies between your filed return and the pre-filled data in Form 26AS.
- Missing the deadline for filing your Income Tax Return (ITR) altogether.
If you receive an income tax notice, follow these steps:
- Stay Calm and Analyze: Carefully review the notice to identify the section under which it was issued, the specific issue raised, and the required response.
- Compile Your Records: Gather all supporting documents, including your filed ITR, Form 16, Form 26AS, bank statements, and proofs for any deductions or income claimed.
- Reply Within the Deadline: Ensure you submit your response by the due date specified, typically through the income tax e-filing portal.
- Consult an Expert: For complex notices or if you are uncertain, seek guidance from a tax professional like a Chartered Accountant to ensure accurate compliance and prevent further issues.
