what is the diff between preliminary expenses and pre incorporation expenses?what is there treatment under income tax and in the companies act?

my querry is regarding booking of export sales-whether it should be booked at FOB or at CIF?

I want a free spread sheet or formula for calculating the NPV value for investing in new machinery vs hiring of machine etc

whether the provision for proposed dividend falls in the definition of provisions as covered by AS 29 ? If not, whether it is governed by any another accounting standard ?

what will be the treatment of insurance expenses paid for the first time on purchase of a new vehicle-whether it is to be capitalised or not?

A private Co. incurred some exp. before its incorporation.which includes expenses incurred for purchase of materialetc. what accounting treatment & balancesheet disclouser should me made.....

MY FRIEND MR. HITESH REPLIED WELL ON WHY PROVIDE DEPR.
BUT I WONDER HOW MANY COMPANIES SET ASIDE THE AMOUNT SEPARATELY OR IN AN IDENTICAL WAY TO REPLACE THE ASSET ON BEING WORN OUT?
NOT MAJORITY COMPANIES.
SO THE QUESTION IS ECXCEPT TO REDUCE PROFITS AND PAY LESSER TAXES , THE REAL OBJECTIVE OF REPLACING AN ASSET ON BEING WORN OUT IS NOT ACHIEVED.
THUS EVEN THE CONCEPT OF CONTINUITY OF BUSINESS IS NOT FULLY ACHIEVABLE FOR A GOING CONCERN IF WE CANNOT FIND FUNDS TO REPLACE AN ASSET WHEN DUE.
IS NOT IT TIME TO MAKE IT MANDATORY TO SET ASIDE DEP. PROVIDED IN SEPARATE OR IDENTIFIABLE WAY TO COME TO OUR rescue?
regards
R.V.RAO

we have taken security deposits while giving canteen premises and some kitchen equipments. Now the contractor's terms is over and we have recovered some amount from him for the missing items. The balane amount is paid back. The question is
1. The recovered amount is debited to security deposist account and credit is given to fixed asset Account.
2. While the missing item,s cost has to be removed from fixed asset account, a Journal entry debiting write off account and crediting fixed asset account is proposed.
By doing so, two credits are given to fixed assets are given. Please clarify.

What Is deffered tax libilities and what is the treatment of account

hi why we are charging depriciation on assets